World Heritage FOR Sustainable Development

目前，联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录上有1031处遗址，包括文化、自然和混合类别。虽然人们早就认识到遗址需要保护、养护和管理，但它们越来越多地涉及更广泛的社会和经济发展方案。其中很大一部分与旅游业有关，旅游业被广泛视为发展之路，特别是在发展中国家，遗产和更广泛的景观很重要，但往往是脆弱的资源。与此密切相关的是更广泛的文化和创意部门，它使地方充满活力并支持旅游业。联合国《2030年可持续发展议程》认识到文化、遗产、创意产业和旅游业等相互关联的部门在实现可持续发展目标方面可以发挥的作用。该网络的重点是世界遗产地作为文化遗产和国际旅游业的重要参与者在可持续发展中发挥的作用。就遗址本身和教科文组织列入名录的相关象征性“品牌”价值而言，世界遗产遗址为官方发展援助国家提供了重要的发展机会。然而，对世界遗产的更工具性利用显然存在敏感性，因为世界遗产长期以来一直沉浸在保护和保存的讨论中，而不是在可持续发展的背景下作为社会、环境和经济改善的杠杆。此外，人们对世界遗产如何通过与当地社区的接触以及他们所拥有的知识和创造力来实现可持续发展的理解仍然有限。社区的这一作用得到教科文组织的承认，但利用这一作用的机制还没有得到很好的发展。在明确认识到保护和维护世界遗产的迫切需要的同时，有必要重新设想和重新构建世界遗产的使用方式;不仅仅是作为有趣和有吸引力的参观地点，而是作为可用于实现可持续发展目标的高度可见和有影响力的资源。通过一系列研讨会，包括在ODA国家举办的研讨会，该项目建立了一个由经验丰富的和新的研究人员、政策制定者和当地利益相关者组成的网络，以分享与如何有效和敏感地调动世界遗产促进可持续发展有关的研究、新想法和良好做法范例。每个讲习班将侧重于一个世界遗产地，并将作为一项研究活动和一个机会，围绕诸如发展和管理可持续旅游业、与更广泛的文化和创意部门合作以及遗产地管理和治理等概念，就实践和政策问题进行辩论。它将寻求更好地了解与世界遗产合作的条件以及可持续利用遗址的障碍。该网络将认识到其目标及其核心合作伙伴的多学科/跨学科性质，并将寻求向其参与的社区和利益攸关方学习。在与教科文组织世界遗产中心，特别是可持续旅游方案合作时，该网络将努力制定政策和战略，并将其产出和工作方法传播到其直接伙伴之外，以便与官方发展援助国家的其他世界遗产地进行接触。

There are currently 1031 sites on the UNESCO World Heritage List embracing cultural, natural and mixed categories. While it has long been recognised that sites require protection, conservation and management, they are increasingly implicated in wider programmes of social and economic development. A significant part of this is tourism-related which is widely perceived as a pathway to development particularly within developing countries where heritage and the wider landscape are important, if often fragile resources. Closely linked to this is the wider cultural and creative sector that animates places and supports tourism. The United Nation's 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development recognises the role that the inter-connected sectors of culture, heritage, the creative industries and tourism can play in meeting the Sustainable Development Goals. The focus of this Network is specifically on the role that World Heritage sites can play in sustainable development as high profile actors in both cultural heritage and international tourism. In terms of the sites themselves and associated symbolic, 'brand' value of UNESCO inscription, World Heritage sites offer significant development opportunities for ODA countries. However, there are clearly sensitivities around a more instrumental use of World Heritage that has long been immersed in the discourse of protection and preservation rather than as a lever for social, environmental and economic improvement within the context of sustainable development. Furthermore, there remains limited understanding of the ways in which World Heritage can actualise sustainable development through engagement with local communities and the embedded knowledge and creativity they hold. This role of the community is recognised by UNESCO but mechanisms for harnessing this are not well developed. While clearly recognising the over-arching need to protect and maintain World Heritage, there is a need to re-imagine and re-structure the way that it is used; not simply as interesting and attractive places to visit but as highly visible and influential resources that can be used to achieve the SDGs. Through a series of workshops, including those held in ODA countries, this project establishes and builds a Network of experienced and new researchers, policy makers and local stakeholders to share research, new ideas and examples of good practice relating to the ways in which World Heritage can be effectively and sensitively mobilised for sustainable development. Each workshop will focus on a World Heritage site and will act as a research activity and an opportunity to debate questions of practice and policy around concepts such as developing and managing sustainable tourism, working with the wider cultural and creative sectors and site management and governance. It will seek to better understand the conditions of working with World Heritage and the barriers to sustainable utilisation of the sites. The Network will recognise the multi/interdisciplinary nature of its objectives and its core partners and will seek to learn from the communities and stakeholders it engages with. In working with UNESCO's World Heritage Centre and specifically the sustainable tourism programme the Network will endeavour to shape policy and strategy and to disseminate its outputs and working methods beyond its immediate partners so as to engage with the other World Heritage sites in ODA countries.