EXERCISE PRESSOR RESPONSES AND THE BRAINSTEM

运动加压反应和脑干

• 批准号: 3074175
• 负责人: GARY A. IWAMOTO
• 金额: $ 6.25万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1988-02-01 至 1992-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3074175
• 关键词: baroreceptors; brain mapping; brain stem; cardiovascular system; cats; chemoreceptors; decerebration; dorsal raphe nucleus; electrophysiology; exercise; histochemistry /cytochemistry; medulla oblongata; microinjections; muscle contraction; neurotransmitters; reflex; reticular formation; single cell analysis; solitary tract nucleus; sympathetic nervous system

Isometric muscular exercise causes increases in heart rate, blood pressure and ventilation. At least part of this response is reflexly evoked. This reflex may be conveniently studied in acute animal models utilizing stimulation of cut ventral roots to achieve muscular contraction which in turn evokes a cardiovascular response similar in many ways to that observed during isometric exercise. This reflex is often called the "exercise pressor reflex" as a convenient operational definition. The proposed research will investigate the specific location, electrophysiological response characteristics and immunocytochemical properties of cells which may contribute to the reflex. Brainstem areas for study includes: (a) caudal ventrolateral medulla including the area in or near the lateral reticular nucleus (LRN), (b) the nucleus ambiguus (NA), (c) rostral ventrolateral medulla including the areas analogous to the C1 area in the rat, and (d) medial medulla including the raphe nuclei, the "dorsomedial pressor region", the nucleus of the tractus solitarius and the inferior olive. The cells of these areas will be evaluated for responses to: (1) muscular contraction, (2) baroreceptor input, (3) chemoreceptor input, (4) stimulation of the "subthalamic locomotor area", or "defence area", and also will be evaluated for (5) contribution to sympathetic or parasympathetic outflow, and (6) neurotransmitter content and effects of various neurotransmitters. It is thought that a fundamental reciprocal inhibition relationship might exist between the muscular contraction-evoked pressor reflex and various depressor reflexes; and therefore, key points in both types of reflexes will be studied. The analysis techniques will include the use of 1) both extra and intracellular single cell electrical recording 2) immunocytochemical labelling and 3) microinjection and microiontophoresis to identify various transmitter substances. The studies will yield a further understanding of processes underlying pressor reflexes and their reciprocal relationship with depressor reflexes. Furthermore, the techniques of immunocytochemical labelling, intracellular recording and microiontophoresis are areas for career development training.

等长肌肉运动会导致心率、血液增加 压力和通风。 这种反应至少有一部分是反射性的 诱发。 这种反射可以方便地在急性动物身上进行研究 模型利用切割腹根的刺激来实现 肌肉收缩进而引起心血管 反应在很多方面与等距观察过程中观察到的相似 锻炼。 这种反射通常被称为“运动加压反射” 作为一个方便的操作定义。 拟议的研究将 调查具体位置、电生理反应 细胞的特征和免疫细胞化学特性 可能有助于反射。 脑干的研究领域包括： (a) 尾部腹外侧延髓，包括位于或接近髓质的区域 外侧网状核 (LRN)，(b) 疑核 (NA)，(c) 延髓头侧腹外侧区，包括类似于 大鼠的 C1 区域，以及 (d) 内侧髓质，包括中缝 细胞核，“背内侧加压区”， 孤束和下橄榄。 这些区域的细胞 将评估对以下方面的反应：(1) 肌肉收缩，(2) 压力感受器输入，(3) 化学感受器输入，(4) 刺激 “丘脑底运动区”，或“防御区”，也将是 评估 (5) 对交感神经或副交感神经的贡献 流出，以及（6）神经递质含量和各种影响 神经递质。 人们认为，一个基本的互惠 肌肉之间可能存在抑制关系 收缩诱发的升压反射和各种降压反射； 因此，我们将研究这两种类型的反射的关键点。 分析技术将包括使用 1) 额外的和 细胞内单细胞电记录2) 免疫细胞化学标记和 3) 显微注射和 微离子电渗疗法可识别各种递质物质。 这些研究将进一步了解过程 潜在的升压反射及其相互关系 抑制反射。 此外，技术 免疫细胞化学标记、细胞内记录和 微离子电渗疗法是职业发展培训的领域。