Virtual Holocaust Memoryscapes: Scoping the Creation of Immersive, Spatial Archives of the Bergen-Belsen and Neuengamme Memorial Sites

虚拟大屠杀记忆景观：贝尔根-贝尔森和诺因加默纪念馆沉浸式空间档案的创建范围

• 批准号: AH/R009449/1
• 负责人: Matthew Boswell
• 金额: $ 7.68万
• 依托单位: University of Leeds
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2018 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FR009449%2F1
• 关键词: Virtual; Holocaust; Memoryscapes; Scoping; Creation

This project represents phase 1 of a larger project that will ultimately lead to the development of distinctive new cultural products - the immersive, interactive, spatial archives based on 360 degree photography and sound recording that we term 'virtual Holocaust memoryscapes' (or VHMs) - and associated research agendas. Working with Nazi concentration camp memorial sites, Holocaust education organisations and cutting-edge creative technology companies, in phase 1 a multidisciplinary team of academics from the UK and the USA will explore how VHMs can be used to connect significant Holocaust landscapes - in the first instance, the former Nazi concentration camps at Bergen-Belsen and Neuengamme - with relevant visual, written and audio content such as films, photographs, diaries, artworks, oral testimonies and historical documents. We will also explore the possibility of using Geographic Information System (GIS) data to create mobile versions of these immersive experiences based on a user's geographic location. By enabling users to encounter diverse archives by way of virtual environments based on recordings of present day memorial sites, VHMs will facilitate interactions with the hidden histories of camps such as Bergen-Belsen, where few physical traces of the genocide remain. When encountered through a VR headset or similar, VHMs will allow members of the public to experience new forms of Holocaust memory that are location-specific, immersive and multisensory, meaning that they come to experience what we term a 'virtual memory' of the Holocaust through affect and the body, as well as the intellect.The project is timely, responding to the fact that we are drawing towards the end of the historical period in which people still have living memories of the Holocaust, yet recognising that new forms of immersive technology are increasingly being used to transform the public understanding of the genocide. Our non-academic partners - who include the Anne Frank House in Amsterdam and the UK's National Holocaust Centre and Museum, as well as the memorial sites at Bergen-Belsen and Neuengamme (Germany) and Westerbork (Netherlands) - have been at the forefront of the development of the first generation of digital memory projects, including VR films and 'interactive testimony' where members of the public can hold a virtual conversation with a recording of a Holocaust survivor using natural language processing. By engaging with these partners across three workshops in the UK and Germany, we will scope phase 2 of the Virtual Holocaust Memoryscapes project, putting together a multidisciplinary, multinational, multi-sector team for a practical development phase that will go hand in hand with the publication of connected research outputs. By using technology in a nuanced and reflective fashion to deepen the public understanding of Holocaust landscapes, we will ensure that Holocaust memory remains relevant for future generations in the post-survivor era. Ultimately, we aim to create a diverse portfolio of VHMs - potentially widening to include the sites of former Nazi extermination camps in Poland and landscapes associated with other historical atrocities - working with museum and education partners around the world to ensure that these historically significant locations are made available to socially and geographically diverse communities.

该项目是一个更大项目的第一阶段，该项目最终将导致开发独特的新文化产品-基于360度摄影和录音的沉浸式互动空间档案，我们称之为“虚拟大屠杀记忆景观”（或VHM）-以及相关的研究议程。在第一阶段，来自英国和美国的多学科学者团队将与纳粹集中营纪念场所，大屠杀教育组织和尖端创意技术公司合作，探索如何使用VHM将重要的大屠杀景观-首先是卑尔根-贝尔森和诺因加姆的前纳粹集中营-与相关的视觉，书面和音频内容，如电影，照片、日记、艺术品、口头证词和历史文件。我们还将探索使用地理信息系统（GIS）数据来创建基于用户地理位置的这些沉浸式体验的移动的版本的可能性。通过使用户能够通过基于当今纪念场所记录的虚拟环境接触各种档案，VHM将促进与Bergen-Belsen等营地隐藏历史的互动，那里几乎没有种族灭绝的物理痕迹。当通过VR头显或类似设备遇到时，VHM将允许公众体验新形式的大屠杀记忆，这些记忆是特定位置的，身临其境的和多感官的，这意味着他们通过情感和身体以及智力来体验我们所说的大屠杀的“虚拟记忆”。该项目是及时的，我们正在接近历史时期的尾声，人们仍然对大屠杀记忆犹新，但认识到新形式的沉浸式技术正越来越多地用于改变公众对种族灭绝的理解。我们的非学术合作伙伴-包括阿姆斯特丹的安妮·弗兰克之家和英国国家大屠杀中心和博物馆，以及卑尔根-贝尔森和诺因加姆（德国）和韦斯特博克的纪念遗址。（荷兰）-一直处于第一代数字存储器项目开发的最前沿，包括VR电影和“互动证词”，公众可以使用自然语言处理与大屠杀幸存者的录音进行虚拟对话。通过在英国和德国的三个研讨会上与这些合作伙伴进行合作，我们将确定虚拟大屠杀记忆景观项目的第二阶段，组建一个多学科，多国，多部门的团队进行实际开发阶段，并与相关研究成果的出版齐头并进。通过以细致入微和反思的方式使用技术来加深公众对大屠杀景观的理解，我们将确保大屠杀记忆在后幸存者时代仍然与后代相关。最终，我们的目标是创建一个多样化的VHM组合-可能会扩大到包括波兰前纳粹灭绝营的遗址和与其他历史暴行相关的景观-与世界各地的博物馆和教育合作伙伴合作，以确保这些具有历史意义的地点提供给社会和地理上不同的社区。

项目成果

Virtual Holocaust Memory

虚拟大屠杀记忆

• DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780197645390.001.0001
• 发表时间: 2023
• 作者: Boswell M