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A NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL MODEL OF DEVELOPMENT AGRAPHIA

AGRAPHIA 发育的神经心理学模型

基本信息

批准号：
3078176
负责人：
DAVID P ROELTGEN
金额：
$ 3.37万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI-COLUMBIA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1985
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1985-01-01 至 1988-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The primary goal of the research program is to develop and test an information processing model of children's writing. The model is derived from a model of adult writing developed from studying patients with acquired agraphia. The adult model contains specific cognitive systems that include linguistic components (necessary for generating correct spellings) and motor components (necessary for correct letter formation). Disruption of a specific component is thought to produce a specific agraphia. Evidence from preliminary studies and the literature suggest that (1) the neuropsychological abilities necessary for writing by adults may also be present in children and (2) certain types of developmental agraphia may be explained by hypothesizing disruption of these components. Therefore the specific aims of the research proposal include: (1) determining the presence or absence in normal children of the specific cognitive abilities predicted by the model, and the age when they can be evaluated; (2) determining how these abilities may be impaired in developmental disorders of spelling and writing (developmental agraphia). The hypothesized model implies a possible dissociation between the type of developmental agraphia and the type of developmental dyslexia that might be present in an individual. Therefore, an additional specific aim is to compare the type of agraphia and dyslexia present in each subject. These aims will be tested utilizing specific test paradigms, designed to isolate and test specific components hypothesized to be present in the proposed model. This approach, previously shown to be useful in studying adult writing, includes specifically varying: (1) the stimuli (asking the subject to write and read various types of words; (2) the conditions (copying or spontaneous writing), or (3) the output mode (oral spelling or writing). Other neuropsychological functions, including limb praxis, constructional ability, fine motor skills and auditory perception are related to, and possibly necessary for intact writing ability. Therefore, control tests for these functions will be administered to the subjects. It is hoped that as a result of these studies there will be a better understanding of developmental agraphia. Improved understanding of this common disorder may lead to the development of better remediation techniques for children with it.

该研究计划的主要目标是开发和测试儿童写作的信息加工模型。对模型进行了推导。来自成人写作模型，该模型是从研究患有获得性失写症。成人模型包含特定的认知系统包括语言成分(生成正确的拼写)和马达组件(正确拼写所必需的)。特定成分的破坏被认为会产生特定的失写症。来自初步研究和文献的证据表明：(1) 成年人写作所必需的神经心理能力也可能是存在于儿童中；(2)某些类型的发育性失写可能是通过假设这些组件的中断来解释。因此，研究建议的具体目标包括：(1)确定正常儿童特殊认知能力的存在或缺失模型预测的年龄，以及可以评估的年龄；(2) 确定这些能力在发育障碍中是如何受损的拼写和书写(发展性失写)。假设的模型暗示了一种可能的解离发育性失写与可能的发育性阅读障碍类型以个体的形式存在。因此，另一个具体目标是比较每个受试者中出现的失写症和阅读困难的类型。这些目标将使用特定的测试范例进行测试，旨在隔离并测试假设存在于建议的模型。这种方法，以前被证明在研究中很有用成人写作，具体包括：(1)刺激(询问可读写各种类型的单词；(2)条件 (抄写或自发书写)，或(3)输出模式(口语拼写或写作)。其他神经心理功能，包括肢体练习，构造能力、精细运动技能和听觉能力与完整的写作能力有关，而且可能是完整的写作能力所必需的。因此，将对受试者进行这些功能的对照测试。希望通过这些研究，将会有更好的对发育性失写症的认识。提高对这一点的理解常见的疾病可能会导致更好的补救措施的发展给孩子们用它的技巧。