A NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL MODEL OF DEVELOPMENT AGRAPHIA

AGRAPHIA 发育的神经心理学模型

• 批准号: 3078173
• 负责人: DAVID P ROELTGEN
• 金额: $ 5.83万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI-COLUMBIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1985
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1985-01-01 至 1989-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3078173
• 关键词: child (0-11); child psychology; cognition; communication disorders; human subject; neuromuscular system; neuropsychological tests; neuropsychology; psycholinguistics; reading disorder

The primary goal of the research program is to develop and test an information processing model of children's writing. The model is derived from a model of adult writing developed from studying patients with acquired agraphia. The adult model contains specific cognitive systems that include linguistic components (necessary for generating correct spellings) and motor components (necessary for correct letter formation). Disruption of a specific component is thought to produce a specific agraphia. Evidence from preliminary studies and the literature suggest that (1) the neuropsychological abilities necessary for writing by adults may also be present in children and (2) certain types of developmental agraphia may be explained by hypothesizing disruption of these components. Therefore the specific aims of the research proposal include: (1) determining the presence or absence in normal children of the specific cognitive abilities predicted by the model, and the age when they can be evaluated; (2) determining how these abilities may be impaired in developmental disorders of spelling and writing (developmental agraphia). The hypothesized model implies a possible dissociation between the type of developmental agraphia and the type of developmental dyslexia that might be present in an individual. Therefore, an additional specific aim is to compare the type of agraphia and dyslexia present in each subject. These aims will be tested utilizing specific test paradigms, designed to isolate and test specific components hypothesized to be present in the proposed model. This approach, previously shown to be useful in studying adult writing, includes specifically varying: (1) the stimuli (asking the subject to write and read various types of words; (2) the conditions (copying or spontaneous writing), or (3) the output mode (oral spelling or writing). Other neuropsychological functions, including limb praxis, constructional ability, fine motor skills and auditory perception are related to, and possibly necessary for intact writing ability. Therefore, control tests for these functions will be administered to the subjects. It is hoped that as a result of these studies there will be a better understanding of developmental agraphia. Improved understanding of this common disorder may lead to the development of better remediation techniques for children with it.

该研究计划的主要目标是开发和测试一种 儿童写作的信息加工模式。 该模型是由 从一个成人写作的模型中， 获得性失写症 成人模型包含特定的认知系统 其中包括语言组件（生成正确的 拼写）和电机组件（正确的字母形成所必需的）。 破坏特定的成分被认为会产生特定的 失写症 来自初步研究和文献的证据表明，（1） 成年人写作所必需的神经心理学能力也可能是 存在于儿童和（2）某些类型的发展性失写症可能是 通过假设这些组件的中断来解释。 因此 研究建议的具体目标包括：（1）确定 正常儿童是否具有特定的认知能力 模型预测的年龄，以及可以评估的年龄;（2） 确定这些能力如何在发育障碍中受损 发展性书写失写症（developmental agraphia） 假设的模型意味着一个可能的分离之间的类型 发展性失写症和发展性阅读障碍的类型， 存在于一个人。 因此，另一个具体目标是 比较每名受试者的失写症和阅读障碍的类型。 这些目标将利用特定的测试范例进行测试，旨在 分离并测试假设存在于 提出的模型。 这种方法，以前被证明是有用的研究 成人写作，包括具体变化：（1）刺激（问 受写和读各种类型的单词;（2）条件 （抄写或自发写作），或（3）输出模式（口头拼写或 写作）。 其他神经心理功能，包括肢体练习， 结构能力，精细运动技能和听觉感知是 与完整的写作能力有关，并且可能是必要的。 因此，我们认为， 将对受试者进行这些功能的对照测试。 希望通过这些研究， 对发展性失写症的理解 加深对这一点的理解 一种常见的疾病可能会导致更好的补救措施的发展 孩子们的技术。