Creating recovery: a case-study of how autistic people, families, health professionals & artists in Peru can build inclusive learning through COVID-19

这一案例研究询问了如何调整创新的、基于剧院的方法，以实现自闭症患者对新冠肺炎的复原力和包容性康复。遗产(PI)将领导一项多学科的研究，汇集来自学者(艺术/人文/医学)、艺术从业者(包括秘鲁戏剧公司La Plaza和英国戏剧公司Flute Theatre)、自闭症患者及其家人、医护人员和公民社会组织的专业知识和知识。虽然这一大流行继续影响全球人们的生活，但“自闭症谱系障碍患者被发现是新冠肺炎并发症风险更高的人群中的一部分”(Eshraghi等人，2020年)。由于居家和社交距离协议使许多家庭无法获得急需的治疗，Flute开发了创新的在线工作方式，以增强自闭症年轻人的韧性，并使其能够在COVID-19的背景下康复。Teatro La Plaza是拉丁美洲领先的剧院组织之一。它最近完成了一个为期两年的多种多样的戏剧项目(为演员和观众)，产生了一部享誉国际的《哈姆雷特》，自2020年3月关闭剧院以来，通过在线表演和虚拟讲习班接触到了70多万观众。La Plaza热衷于利用Flute的在线表演策略继续与不同神经质的演员和观众合作，为残疾康复提供基于艺术的策略的发展。20多年来，Flute一直在开发亨特心跳方法，这是一系列基于莎士比亚节奏和语言的感官戏剧游戏，由Kelly Hunter MBE创作，为自闭症患者提供表达自己的机会(见：https://flutetheatre.co.uk/changing-lives-of-people-with-autism/hunterheartbeatmethod/https://www.amazon.co.uk/Shakespeares-Heartbeat-Kelly-Hunter/dp/1138016977).This项目将调查秘鲁讲西班牙语的戏剧制作人如何采用长笛的创新参与式方法，测试拉丁美洲的自闭症个人及其家人如何在减少社会孤立的大流行中获得艺术组织的支持。长笛和拉普拉扎开发的方法将通过观察进行传播，与在阿根廷(Crear Vale La Pena)、哥伦比亚巴图塔基金会(Fundación Batuta)和巴西(Redes da Maré)工作的三个艺术组织进行接触和讨论，这些组织是遗产(https://peoplespalaceprojects.org.uk/en/projects/building-resilience/).建立的艺术和心理健康区域网络的一部分秘鲁的《自闭症谱系障碍患者国家计划(2019-2021年)》描述了支撑其方案的四个相互关联的轴心或办法：1)人权：保障国家的政治、法律和道德责任，保证尊重、保护和促进自闭症患者的权利，以克服影响他们的歧视性做法和社会不平等。2)平等：减少自闭症患者所经历的深刻的社会劣势，并考虑到性别和产生不平等的一系列其他社会经济或文化因素。3)跨文化：尊重文化差异是公正社会的支柱，意味着接受神经多样性是人类状况的一部分。4)代际：制定干预措施，承认家庭内部的代际相互依存关系以及不同年龄之间互惠关系的重要性。该个案研究将探讨如何通过在艺术家、卫生保健工作者、邻居(即当地观众)、家庭和自闭症患者之间建立基于社区的伙伴关系来推进这些方法。

This case-study interrogates how innovative, theatre-based methodologies can be adapted to enable resilience to and inclusive recovery from Covid-19 by autistic individuals. HERITAGE (PI) will lead a multidisciplinary study that brings together expertise and knowledge from academics (arts/humanities/medicine), arts practitioners including Peruvian theatre company La Plaza and British theatre company Flute Theatre, autistic people and their families, healthcare workers and civil society organisations.While the pandemic continues to impact the lives of people around the globe, 'individuals with autism spectrum disorder are being identified a part of a group at higher risk for complications from Covid-19' (Eshraghi et al., 2020). As stay-at-home and social distancing protocol made access to much needed therapies impossible for many families, Flute developed innovative ways of working online to build the resilience and enable the recovery of autistic young people within the context of COVID-19.Teatro La Plaza is one of Latin America's leading theatre organisations. It recently completed a two-year neurodiverse theatre project (for actors and audiences) that resulted in an internationally acclaimed production of Hamlet and, since itstheatre was closed in March 2020, has reached over 700,000 audience members through online performances and virtual workshops. La Plaza is keen to continue previous work with neurodiverse actors and audiences using Flute's online performance strategies, to inform the development of arts-based strategies for disability-inclusive recovery.For over 20 years Flute has been developing the Hunter Heartbeat Method, a series of sensory drama games based on Shakespearean rhythms and language, created by Kelly Hunter MBE, offering autistic people an opportunity to express themselves (see: https://flutetheatre.co.uk/changing-lives-of-people-with-autism/hunterheartbeatmethod/ https://www.amazon.co.uk/Shakespeares-Heartbeat-Kelly-Hunter/dp/1138016977).This project will investigate how Flute's innovative participatory methodologies can be adapted by Spanish-speaking theatre-makers in Peru, testing how autistic individuals and their families in Latin America can gain access to support from arts organisations throughout the pandemic that reduces social isolation.The methodologies developed by Flute and La Plaza will be disseminated through observation, engagement and discussion with three arts organisations working in Argentina (Crear Vale la Pena), Colombia Fundación Batuta) and Brazil (Redes da Maré) who are part of a regional network on arts and mental health established by HERITAGE (https://peoplespalaceprojects.org.uk/en/projects/building-resilience/). The network will then seek to establish mechanisms for wider dissemination and implementation.Peru's National Plan for People with Autism Spectrum Disorder (2019-2021) describes the four interconnected axes or approaches that will underpin its programme: 1) Human Rights: to guarantee the State's political, legal and ethical responsibility to guarantee the respect, protection and promotion of the rights of people with ASD in order to overcome discriminatory practices and social inequalities that affect them. 2) Equality: to reduce the profound social disadvantage experienced by people with ASD and take into account gender and a range of other socio-economic or cultural factors which produce inequalities. 3) Intercultural: to respect cultural differences as a pillar of a just society means to accept neurodiversity as a part of the human condition. 4) Intergenerational: to create interventions that recognises the generational interdependence within families and the importance of reciprocal relations between different ages. The case-study will explore how each of these approaches can be advanced by establishing community-based partnerships between artists, health care workers, neighbours (i.e. local audiences), families and autistic individuals.