The effect of selection for nematode resistance on mhc class II diversity

线虫抗性选择对 MHC II 类多样性的影响

• 批准号: BB/F015313/1
• 负责人: Michael Stear
• 金额: $ 44.17万
• 依托单位: University of Glasgow
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2009 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FF015313%2F1
• 关键词: effect; selection; nematode; resistance; mhc

All vertebrates have an immune system that protects them from infectious organisms. A key component of the immune response is the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). This complex contains two sets of highly variable genes that code for class I and class II proteins. These proteins activate the immune system to respond to invading parasites. Each individual has a distinct set of MHC proteins that allow recognition of a specific set of parasite molecules. The major disease faced by sheep is infection by roundworms. There is substantial genetic variation among sheep in resistance to roundworms. Farmers have started to identify and breed from sheep with enhanced resistance to roundworms. Sheep with a particular combination of class II MHC genes are more resistant to roundworms. These class II MHC genes may also play a role in fighing other diseases and most scientists agree that populations that maintain a diverse array of class II genes are more resistant to most infectious and parasitic diseases. The goal of this project is to determine whether selective breeding for resistance to nematodes will cause a noticeable loss of mhc diversity. We will do this by estimating the size of the effect that each class II gene has on nematode resistance then using mathematical models of the selection process to estimate the influence of selection on mhc diversity. The outcome of this research will improve our ability to breed roundworm-resistant sheep without adverse effects on susceptibility to other diseases.

所有脊椎动物都有一个免疫系统，可以保护它们免受感染性生物的侵害。免疫反应的一个关键组成部分是主要组织相容性复合体（MHC）。该复合体包含两组高度可变的基因，分别编码I类和II类蛋白质。这些蛋白质激活免疫系统以应对入侵的寄生虫。每个个体都有一组不同的MHC蛋白，可以识别一组特定的寄生虫分子。绵羊面临的主要疾病是蛔虫感染。在绵羊对蛔虫的抵抗力方面存在着巨大的遗传变异。农民们已经开始从羊身上发现和培育对蛔虫有更强抵抗力的品种。具有II类MHC基因的特定组合的绵羊对蛔虫更具抵抗力。这些II类MHC基因也可能在预防其他疾病中发挥作用，大多数科学家认为，保持II类基因多样性的人群对大多数传染病和寄生虫病更具抵抗力。这个项目的目标是确定抗线虫的选择性育种是否会导致mhc多样性的明显损失。我们将通过估计每个II类基因对线虫抗性的影响大小来做到这一点，然后使用选择过程的数学模型来估计选择对MHC多样性的影响。这项研究的结果将提高我们培育抗蛔虫羊的能力，而不会对其他疾病的易感性产生不利影响。

项目成果

Detection of Rare Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles by Active and Passive Surveillance Approaches.

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158515
• 发表时间: 2016
• 期刊: PloS one
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Mather AE;Reeve R;Mellor DJ;Matthews L;Reid-Smith RJ;Dutil L;Haydon DT;Reid SW
• 通讯作者: Reid SW

How to partition diversity

如何划分多样性

• DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1404.6520
• 发表时间: 2014
• 期刊: arXiv e-prints
• 作者: Reeve Richard

Divergent Allele Advantage Provides a Quantitative Model for Maintaining Alleles with a Wide Range of Intrinsic Merits.

发散等位基因优势为维持具有广泛内在优点的等位基因提供了定量模型。

• DOI: 10.1534/genetics.119.302022
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Genetics
• 影响因子: 3.3
• 作者: Stefan T

Divergent Allele Advantage Provides a Quantitative Model for Maintaining Alleles with a Wide Range of Intrinsic Merits

发散等位基因优势为维持具有广泛内在优点的等位基因提供了定量模型

• DOI: 10.26181/17205893
• 发表时间: 2022
• 作者: Stefan T

Differences between female and castrated male lambs in susceptibility to natural, predominantly Teladorsagia circumcincta infection.

雌性和阉割的雄性羔羊对自然感染（主要是 Teladorsagia circcincta 感染）的易感性差异。

• DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2014.08.024
• 发表时间: 2014
• 期刊: Veterinary parasitology
• 影响因子: 2.6
• 作者: Abuargob O