WORKPLACE RISK FACTORS FOR ALCOHOL ABUSE

这项研究调查了人们所做的工作种类之间的关系 在工业中，他们在允许的环境中工作的程度 参与决策，以及他们酗酒的问题。 它 测试了一个模型，该模型提出，低工作控制和低 决策参与与问题酒精行为有关， 无力感，并受到工作环境中酒精文化的影响 以及是否存在有效的计划（EAP）， 改变饮酒行为。 它还提出，问题饮酒行为 与工作表现下降有关。 下列假设 （1）控制力越低的人对特定的事物的控制力越强。 他们的工作生活的常规，更大的将是他们的倾向滥用 （2）工作环境越不允许参与 决策，更大的将是滥用酒精的倾向;（3） 低工作控制和低决策参与对问题的影响 饮酒行为是累加的。 在其他条件相同的情况下， 对他们的工作控制最少， 参与企业决策的比例最高， 酗酒的发生率;（4）缺乏工作控制和决策 参与与无力感的发展有关 （5）无力感与饮酒问题有关 行为;（6）工作控制，决策参与， 对问题饮酒行为的无力感被工作场所所改变 酒精文化和组织努力的有效性，以改变 饮酒行为;（7）问题酒精行为与 工作业绩下降。 除了多变量测试和 在阐述这些假设时，研究还将试图考虑所有 在一个单一的模型中。 因为这些是多重的 对于大多数关键变量的指标，将使用 结构方程方法 该研究将在太平洋进行- 西北地区木制品工厂按其决策形式区分 工厂内的组织，将通过工作控制对受访者进行抽样 类别. 因此，调查问卷阶段的答复者将 由装配、连续加工和技术工人组成， 传统-非工会、传统-工会和生产者合作社。 一 需要1260个样本。 与工厂主管进行深度访谈， 人事主管和EAP管理员以及随机抽样的 工作人员将先于并影响最终问卷的内容。

This research examines the relationship between the kinds of work people do in industry, the degree to which they work in settings that allow for participation in decision making, and their problem use of alcohol. It tests a model that proposes that the effects of low job control and low decisional participation are linked to problem alcohol behavior by way of powerlessness, and are moderated by the alcohol culture of the work setting and the existence or absence of effective programs (EAPs) that try to modify drinking behavior. It also proposes that problem drinking behavior is associated with diminished work performance. The following hypotheses are tested: (1) the less control individuals exercise over the particular routines of their work lives, the greater will be their propensity to abuse alcohol; (2) the less the work environment allows for participation in decision making, the greater will be the propensity to abuse alcohol; (3) the effects of low job control and low decisional participation on problem drinking behavior are additive. All other things being equal, individuals with the least amount of control over their work and the lowest probability of being involved in enterprise decision making will show the highest incidence of alcohol abuse; (4) lack of job control and decisional participation are related to the development of a sense of powerlessness among individuals; (5) powerlessness is associated with problem drinking behavior; (6) the effects of job control, decisional participation, and powerlessness on problem drinking behavior is modified by the workplace alcohol culture and the effectiveness of organizational efforts to modify drinking behavior; (7) problem alcohol behavior is associated with diminished work performance. In addition to the multivariate testing and elaboration of these hypotheses, the research will also try to consider all of the variables together in a single model. Because these are multiple indicators for most of the key variables, the model will be assessed using structural equation methods. The research will be conducted in Pacific- Northwest wood products plants differentiated by their form of decisional organization within plants, respondents will be sampled by job control category. Thus, respondents to the questionnaire phase of the study will be comprised of assembly, continuous process, and skilled workers from conventional-non-union, conventional-union, and producer cooperatives. A sample size of 1260 is required. Depth interviews with plant supervisors, personnel directors, and EAP administrators as well as a random sample of workers will precede and affect the content of the final questionnaire.