Optimization of wheat and oilseed rape straw co-products for bio-alcohol production

用于生物酒精生产的小麦和油菜秸秆副产品的优化

• 批准号: BB/H004351/1
• 负责人: Ian Bancroft
• 金额: $ 59.65万
• 依托单位: John Innes Centre
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2009 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FH004351%2F1
• 关键词: Optimization; wheat; oilseed; rape; straw

Various forms of biomass represent potential feedstocks for degradation and fermentation to produce alcohols as liquid biofuels, with residual protein-rich materials being suitable for further exploitation, such as processing for animal feed. This provides the potential to substantially substitute for fossil fuels, with the associated sustainability and environmental benefits. However, many of the sources evaluated in recent years, such as willow or Switchgrass, would compete directly with UK food crops for land use. With the growing recognition of the vulnerabilities of world (and UK) food security, and associated food price volatility, it is becoming increasingly clear that the displacement of food crops by crops grown solely for biofuel is inappropriate. There are, however, several sources of 'waste' biomass associated with the UK production and processing of food crops. These provide potential feedstocks for 'biorefining' to recover biofuels and animal feed from residues after grain/seed recovery. This approach does not compete with food crops; indeed the increased value of co-products such as straw should enhance the financial viability of food crop production in the UK. Major UK food crops such as wheat and oilseed rape produce more straw co-product than harvested grain or seeds. This straw constitutes a plentiful potential feedstock. However, these crops have been bred for the quality and yield of grain or seeds, not for the composition of the straw they produce. Past studies of straw composition have revealed surprisingly extensive variation between varieties (and between different morphological components of the straw) for the major chemical constituents of importance for bioalcohol production. We are already involved in an ongoing research programme, funded by Defra, which is developing the methodology for the efficient exploitation of biomass residues from the food chain. The proposed research dovetails with this project, providing the means to optimise the principal feedstocks: wheat and oilseed rape straw. Combined, these two projects will establish the supply chain (from breeders and farmers to bio-alcohol producers and the motor industry) needed to deliver the financial and societal benefits of the science. We aim to thoroughly analyse the composition of straw from current wheat and oilseed rape varieties, and of genetic material in use by breeders, for compositional characteristics of importance for biofuel production. We will use recently-developed technologies to explore variation of the sequences and expression of tens of thousands of genes in each of wheat and oilseed rape, and relate these genetic characteristics to the compositional characteristics of the lines in order to develop markers for use in subsequent breeding programmes. Using the information we have gained, we will hypothesise the processability characteristics of differing potential feedstocks and test these using a pilot plant system.

各种形式的生物质是降解和发酵生产酒精作为液体生物燃料的潜在原料，剩余的富含蛋白质的材料适合进一步开发，例如加工为动物饲料。这提供了大量替代化石燃料的潜力，并具有相关的可持续性和环境效益。然而，近年来评估的许多资源，如柳树或柳枝稷，将直接与英国粮食作物竞争土地使用。随着人们越来越认识到世界（和英国）粮食安全的脆弱性，以及相关的粮食价格波动，越来越明显的是，仅为生物燃料而种植的作物取代粮食作物是不合适的。然而，与英国粮食作物的生产和加工有关的“废物”生物质有几种来源。这些为“生物精炼”提供了潜在的原料，以从谷物/种子回收后的残留物中回收生物燃料和动物饲料。这种方法不会与粮食作物竞争；事实上，秸秆等副产品价值的增加应该会提高英国粮食作物生产的财务可行性。英国主要粮食作物如小麦和油菜产生的秸秆副产品比收获的谷物或种子更多。这种秸秆构成了丰富的潜在原料。然而，培育这些作物是为了籽粒或种子的质量和产量，而不是为了它们生产的秸秆的成分。过去对秸秆成分的研究已经揭示了品种之间（以及秸秆不同形态成分之间）对生物酒精生产重要的主要化学成分的惊人的广泛差异。我们已经参与了一个由Defra资助的正在进行的研究项目，该项目正在开发有效利用食物链中生物质残留物的方法。拟议的研究与这个项目相吻合，提供了优化主要原料的方法：小麦和油菜秸秆。结合起来，这两个项目将建立供应链（从育种者和农民到生物酒精生产商和汽车工业），以提供科学的经济和社会效益。我们的目标是彻底分析当前小麦和油菜品种秸秆的组成，以及育种者使用的遗传物质，以获得对生物燃料生产重要的组成特征。我们将使用最新开发的技术来探索小麦和油菜中数以万计的基因序列和表达的变异，并将这些遗传特征与品系的组成特征联系起来，以便开发用于后续育种计划的标记。利用我们获得的信息，我们将假设不同潜在原料的可加工性特征，并使用中试工厂系统进行测试。

项目成果

Variation in the chemical composition of wheat straw: the role of tissue ratio and composition.

• DOI: 10.1186/s13068-014-0121-y
• 发表时间: 2014
• 期刊: Biotechnology for biofuels
• 影响因子: 6.3
• 作者: Collins SR;Wellner N;Martinez Bordonado I;Harper AL;Miller CN;Bancroft I;Waldron KW
• 通讯作者: Waldron KW

MOESM3 of Variation across a wheat genetic diversity panel for saccharification of hydrothermally pretreated straw

用于水热预处理秸秆糖化的小麦遗传多样性组变异的 MOESM3

• DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3894865_d3
• 发表时间: 2017
• 作者: Collins S

Methodology for enabling high-throughput simultaneous saccharification and fermentation screening of yeast using solid biomass as a substrate.

• DOI: 10.1186/s13068-014-0181-z
• 发表时间: 2015
• 期刊: Biotechnology for biofuels
• 影响因子: 6.3
• 作者: Elliston A;Wood IP;Soucouri MJ;Tantale RJ;Dicks J;Roberts IN;Waldron KW
• 通讯作者: Waldron KW

Genome distribution of differential homoeologue contributions to leaf gene expression in bread wheat.

差异同源物对面包小麦中叶基因表达的差异贡献的基因组分布。

• DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12486
• 发表时间: 2016-05
• 期刊: Plant biotechnology journal
• 影响因子: 13.8
• 作者: Harper AL;Trick M;He Z;Clissold L;Fellgett A;Griffiths S;Bancroft I
• 通讯作者: Bancroft I

Variation across a wheat genetic diversity panel for saccharification of hydrothermally pretreated straw.

• DOI: 10.1186/s13068-017-0914-x
• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: Biotechnology for biofuels
• 影响因子: 6.3
• 作者: Collins SRA;Wilson DR;Moates GK;Harper AL;Bancroft I;Waldron KW
• 通讯作者: Waldron KW