CROSS NATIONAL RESEARCH ON THE AGED AND PENSION POLICY

老龄和养老金政策的跨国家研究

• 批准号: 3118895
• 负责人: FRED C PAMPEL
• 金额: $ 5.73万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF IOWA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1988-06-01 至 1990-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3118895
• 关键词: computer data analysis; education; gender difference; human old age (65+); income; industry; longitudinal human study; politics; social class; sociometry; statistics /biometry

This project proposes to examine the political participation or voting turnout of the aged in the advanced industrial democracies from 1950 to 1980. It does so by analyzing up to 70 election year, voting, and public opinion surveys done in 18 nations, and thereby exploits a valuable source of microlevel data seldom studied by aging researchers. With measures of aged political activity computed for multiple nations and time points from the individual data, the project will then relate to the voting turnout of the aged to pension and social welfare spending in the same nations. This shifts the focus from individual behavior to the macro-social and political outcomes of individual behavior. The long-term goal of such efforts is to understand the forces in modern democracies that affect the status of the aged. As the aged come to depend more and more on public transfers, their ability to influence public policy becomes crucial for their status. Most theories attribute little political efficacy to the aged or to their ability to influence policy. Other theories, however, argue that the aged have become increasingly influential in the political arena, and that their political activity increases public pension spending. The former arguments thus concentrate on structural determinants of welfare state policy and the status of the aged while the latter arguments consider the political determinants. The research proposed here will evaluate these theories, contribute to understanding nature and causes of public policy, and identify the forces behind the status of the aged in advanced industrial democracies. The methodological steps in the project include the following: 1) obtaining tabulations for each survey of age by whether or not respondents voted in the last election and by party choice for those who did vote; 2) computing similar tabulations for each survey with controls for the sex and education composition of the aged and nonaged populations; 3) using the tabulations to compute measures of the aged propensity to vote relative to the nonaged, and the aged share of voter turnout; 4) describing cross-national and longitudinal patterns of aged political participation; and 5) examining the statistical relationship between measures of participation of the aged and measures of public pension spending effort.

该项目建议审查政治参与或 发达工业民主国家的老年人投票率 从1950年到1980年。 它通过分析多达70个选举年来做到这一点， 在18个国家进行的投票和民意调查， 利用了很少被研究的微观数据的宝贵来源 老年研究者 随着年龄的政治活动的措施 计算多个国家和时间点，从个人 数据，该项目将与老年人的投票率相关 养老金和社会福利支出。 这 将焦点从个人行为转移到宏观社会， 个人行为的政治后果。 这种努力的长期目标是了解 影响老年人地位的现代民主国家。 为 老年人越来越依赖公共转移支付， 影响公共政策的能力对他们的地位至关重要。 大多数理论认为，老年人的政治效能很小， 影响政策的能力。 然而，其他理论认为， 老年人在政治上的影响力越来越大， 竞技场，他们的政治活动增加了公共养老金 支出. 因此，前面的论点集中在结构上。 福利国家政策和老年人地位的决定因素 后一种观点考虑的是政治决定因素。 这里提出的研究将评估这些理论， 有助于理解公共政策的性质和原因， 并找出老年人在先进的地位背后的力量， 工业民主 该项目的方法步骤包括：1） 就每项年龄统计调查， 受访者在上次选举中投票， 那些投票的人; 2）为每个人计算类似的表格 调查，并对妇女的性别和教育构成进行控制， 老年人和非老年人; 3）使用表格计算 衡量老年人相对于非老年人的投票倾向， 和选民投票率的年龄份额; 4）描述跨国 老年人政治参与的纵向模式; 5） 检查测量值之间的统计关系， 老年人的参与和公共养恤金支出措施 努力