The impact and social ecology of bacterial zoonoses in northern Tanzania

坦桑尼亚北部细菌性人畜共患病的影响和社会生态

• 批准号: BB/J010367/1
• 负责人: Sarah Cleaveland
• 金额: $ 54.46万
• 依托单位: University of Glasgow
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2011 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FJ010367%2F1
• 关键词: impact; social; ecology; bacterial; zoonoses

It is well recognized that zoonotic pathogens - agents which can lead to diseases that are transmitted from animal to human populations - predominate as the cause of emerging human diseases, but in the shadow of the high-profile emerging zoonoses, such as Influenza A H5N1 and SARS corona virus, zoonoses that are prevalent in localised areas have often been overlooked. However, awareness is growing that many of these localised zoonoses are responsible for a substantial burden of disease both in terms of public health and livestock health, and that these dual impacts contribute to perpetuating cycles of poverty in the marginalized communities that are most affected. In northern Tanzania, the location of this research, human diseases caused by three zoonotic diseases (leptospirosis, Q-fever and brucellosis) result in 11 times as many hospital admissions as malaria. However, almost nothing is known about transmission patterns among animal hosts, which host species are responsible for human disease, or the key behavioural determinants of human disease risk in different settings. The aim of this research is to quantify the impacts of these three zoonoses in different communities (located at the edge of town, in agricultural landscapes and in pastoral areas) and to develop a predictive understanding of the impact of environmental and social relationships on disease risk. Specifically, they address infection and transmission patterns between animals and from animals to humans, ecological and social determinants of transmission, and the cultural, social, behavioural and economic and environmental dimensions of disease communication. The results of this work are directly applicable to policy and practice that is relevant to both public health and economic development related to livestock production.

众所周知，人畜共患病病原体-可导致从动物传播到人类的疾病的病原体-是新出现的人类疾病的主要原因，但在引人注目的新出现的人畜共患病，如甲型流感H5 N1和SARS冠状病毒的阴影下，在局部地区流行的人畜共患病往往被忽视。然而，人们越来越认识到，许多这些局部的人畜共患病在公共卫生和牲畜健康方面造成了巨大的疾病负担，这些双重影响导致受影响最严重的边缘化社区的贫困循环永久化。在这项研究的所在地坦桑尼亚北方，三种人畜共患疾病（钩端螺旋体病、Q热和布鲁杆菌病）引起的人类疾病导致的住院人数是疟疾的11倍。然而，对于动物宿主之间的传播模式、哪些宿主物种对人类疾病负有责任，或者在不同环境中人类疾病风险的关键行为决定因素，几乎一无所知。本研究的目的是量化这三种人畜共患病在不同社区（位于城镇边缘，农业景观和牧区）的影响，并预测了解环境和社会关系对疾病风险的影响。具体而言，它们涉及动物之间以及从动物到人类的感染和传播模式、传播的生态和社会决定因素以及疾病传播的文化、社会、行为、经济和环境方面。这项工作的结果直接适用于与畜牧业生产有关的公共卫生和经济发展的政策和做法。

项目成果

Estimating leptospirosis incidence using hospital-based surveillance and a population-based health care utilization survey in Tanzania.

使用基于医院的监测和坦桑尼亚的基于人群的医疗保健利用调查来估计钩端螺旋体病的发病率。

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002589
• 发表时间: 2013
• 期刊: PLoS neglected tropical diseases
• 影响因子: 3.8
• 作者: Biggs HM;Hertz JT;Munishi OM;Galloway RL;Marks F;Saganda W;Maro VP;Crump JA
• 通讯作者: Crump JA

Assessment of animal hosts of pathogenic Leptospira in northern Tanzania.

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006444
• 发表时间: 2018-06
• 期刊: PLoS neglected tropical diseases
• 影响因子: 3.8
• 作者: Allan KJ;Halliday JEB;Moseley M;Carter RW;Ahmed A;Goris MGA;Hartskeerl RA;Keyyu J;Kibona T;Maro VP;Maze MJ;Mmbaga BT;Tarimo R;Crump JA;Cleaveland S
• 通讯作者: Cleaveland S

Latent class evaluation of the performance of serological tests for exposure to Brucella spp. in cattle, sheep, and goats in Tanzania.

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009630
• 发表时间: 2021-08
• 期刊: PLoS neglected tropical diseases
• 影响因子: 3.8
• 作者: Bodenham RF;Mazeri S;Cleaveland S;Crump JA;Fasina FO;de Glanville WA;Haydon DT;Kazwala RR;Kibona TJ;Maro VP;Maze MJ;Mmbaga BT;Mtui-Malamsha NJ;Shirima GM;Swai ES;Thomas KM;Bronsvoort BMD;Halliday JEB
• 通讯作者: Halliday JEB

How can we realise the full potential of animal health systems for delivering development and health outcomes?

• DOI: 10.20506/rst.40.2.3239
• 发表时间: 2021-08-01
• 期刊: REVUE SCIENTIFIQUE ET TECHNIQUE-OFFICE INTERNATIONAL DES EPIZOOTIES
• 影响因子: 0.6
• 作者: Auty, H.;Swai, E. S.;Cleaveland, S.
• 通讯作者: Cleaveland, S.

Epidemiology of Leptospirosis in Africa: A Systematic Review of a Neglected Zoonosis and a Paradigm for 'One Health' in Africa.

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003899
• 发表时间: 2015
• 期刊: PLoS neglected tropical diseases
• 影响因子: 3.8
• 作者: Allan KJ;Biggs HM;Halliday JE;Kazwala RR;Maro VP;Cleaveland S;Crump JA
• 通讯作者: Crump JA