PIGMENT GALLSTONES: COMPOSITION AND FORMATION

本研究的目的是探讨两种主要疾病的发病机制。 胆色素结石类型：(1)含钙盐的黑色结石 胆红素、颜料聚合物、碳酸盐和磷酸盐以及 蛋白质和(2)以钙为主的胆红素结石 胆红素和棕榈酸酯的盐以及其他具有少量 蛋白质的含量。我们提出了黑石是通过 胆红素时钙结合蛋白对钙盐的包埋作用 结石继发于淤积和/或感染，从而破坏胆管 脂类通过沉淀变成不能溶解的成分 钙。这个项目的目标是：(1)表征、量化和 用~3H检测蛋白质合成和分泌的调节 氨基葡萄糖掺入豚鼠胆囊壁的实验研究 来自色素和胆固醇结石的患者。研究包括 细胞内和细胞外钙的调节及其对其的影响 衰老、生石饮食和瘀血的特性。(2)利用 二维元素微探针的非侵入性微分析技术 Ar和O2等离子体后的分析和ESCA表面分析 蚀刻，结合扫描电子显微镜检查石头 孕育和生长。(3)利用傅里叶变换检测石材成分 转换红外光谱以回答以前无法回答的问题 如：胆红素在黑色结石中的形态、胆汁的分布 胆结石中心与周边之间的酸度及胆结石的位置 结石中的蛋白质。

The purpose of this study is to examine the pathogenesis of the two major types of pigment gallstones: (1) Black stones which contain calcium salts of bilirubinate, pigment polymers, carbonates and phosphate a well as protein and (2) bilirubinate stones which contain predominantly calcium salts of bilirubinate and palmitate and other fatty acids with a small amount of protein. We have proposed that black stones form through entrapment of calcium salts by calcium-binding proteins while bilirubinate stones form secondary to stasis and/or infection which breaks down biliary lipids into components which become insoluable through precipitation with calcium. The aims of this project are: (1) characterize, quantitate and examine the regulation of protein synthesis and secretion using 3H glucosamine incorporation into gallbladder explants from guinea pigs and from patients with pigment and cholesterol gallstones. Studies include regulation of intra- and extracellular calcium, and effects on these properties of aging, lithogenic diet and stasis. (2) To utilize the non-invasive microanalytic techniques of 2-dimensional elemental microprobe analysis and ESCA surface analysis following argon and oxygen plasma etching, coupled with scanning electron microscopy to examine stone nidation and growth. (3) To examine stone composition utilizing Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to answer previously unanswerable questions such as: the form of bilirubin in black stones, the distribution of bile acids between the center and periphery of gallstones and the location of proteins within stones.