Use of a self-compatible diploid potato for mutagenesis and forward genetic studies.

使用自交亲和二倍体马铃薯进行诱变和正向遗传研究。

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    BB/K019325/1
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 43.13万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    英国
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2014
  • 资助国家:
    英国
  • 起止时间:
    2014 至 无数据
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

Studies of the genetics of many plants have benefited greatly from the use of mutants, either spontaneous or artificially induced, in which the function of one or more genes has been lost or modified. Mutagenesis can be achieved by use of mutagenic chemicals or other means (e.g. ionizing radiation), and of course all naturally occurring genetic is due to mutation occurring over long time periods. Mendel's famous experiments with peas utilized naturally occurring mutants differing from the 'wild type' in highly visual, single gene traits. Many crop varieties are themselves mutants. The barley variety Golden Promise is a mutant of an older variety Maythorpe. Mutations can be genetically mapped and various approaches can be used to identify the mutated gene, providing useful information, which can be applied to further research and to plant breeding. The crop plant potato is naturally an outbreeding tetraploid, which makes it extremely difficult to generate the sort of mutational variation that has been so useful in other crop plants. This is because potato has four copies of each gene, and to generate a plant that has a mutated version of all four copies of any one gene is virtually impossible. The same is true to a lesser extent in diploid potatoes which have only two copies of each gene (diploids). For this and other reasons genetic studies in potato have lagged behind other plants, and genetic analysis has had to rely on naturally occurring variation, most of which is manifest as continuous or 'non-discrete' variation. In this project we plan to address this by utilizing a species of potato (Solanum verrucosum) that is both diploid and which is a natural inbreeder, allowing the construction of 'homozygous' genotypes, where both copies of each gene are identical. In pilot experiments we have shown that, using S. verrucosum, it is feasible to generate populations of mutant plants that can greatly benefit genetic studies, which will have downstream impact on potato improvement. The mutant panel will be assessed for variation in traits relevant to potato breeding: tuber characteristics, plant architecture traits, tuber sprouting etc and a panel of ~100 interesting mutants will be selected for further study. In pilot experiments a few interesting mutants have been identified and these will be studied within this project. Some of these mutants including one having a clear 'dwarfing' phenotype will used to test a novel approach for isolating the gene that has been mutated. This will also entail generating a draft genome sequence of the genotype used for the mutagenesis. The dwarf mutant will also be tested for its fertility to see whether it is feasible to use this in future mutagenesis studies.The outcomes of this project will be (1) The establishment of the first ever mutant collection of potato. (2) The elucidation of a draft genome sequence of the 'base genotype' of Solanum verrucosum. (3) The identification of candidate genes and mutated alleles for one or more of the mutants identified.
许多植物的遗传学研究都大大受益于突变体的使用,无论是自发的还是人工诱导的,其中一个或多个基因的功能已经丢失或改变。诱变可以通过使用诱变化学品或其他手段(例如电离辐射)来实现,当然,所有自然发生的遗传都是由于长时间发生的突变。孟德尔著名的豌豆实验利用了自然发生的突变体,这些突变体在高度可见的单基因性状上不同于“野生型”。许多作物品种本身就是突变体。大麦品种Golden Promise是一个老品种Maythorpe的突变体。突变可以被遗传作图,并且可以使用各种方法来鉴定突变基因,提供有用的信息,这些信息可以应用于进一步的研究和植物育种。作物马铃薯自然是远系繁殖的四倍体,这使得产生在其他作物中如此有用的突变变异变得极其困难。这是因为马铃薯的每个基因都有四个拷贝,而要培育出一种具有任何一个基因的所有四个拷贝的突变版本的植物几乎是不可能的。在二倍体马铃薯中也是如此,在较小的程度上,每个基因只有两个拷贝(二倍体)。由于这个原因和其他原因,马铃薯的遗传研究落后于其他植物,遗传分析不得不依赖于自然发生的变异,其中大部分表现为连续或“非离散”变异。在这个项目中,我们计划解决这个问题,利用一种马铃薯(Solanum verrucosum),这是二倍体,这是一个自然的近亲繁殖,允许构建“纯合”基因型,其中每个基因的两个副本是相同的。在初步实验中,我们已经表明,使用S。verrucosum的突变体,是可行的,产生的突变体植物的群体,可以大大有利于遗传研究,这将对马铃薯改良下游的影响。将评估突变体组中与马铃薯育种相关的性状的变化:块茎特征、植物结构性状、块茎发芽等,并且将选择约100个感兴趣的突变体组用于进一步研究。在试点实验中,已经确定了一些有趣的突变体,这些将在本项目中进行研究。这些突变体中的一些,包括一个具有明显的“矮化”表型的突变体,将用于测试一种分离突变基因的新方法。这还需要产生用于诱变的基因型的基因组序列草图。本项目的主要成果是:(1)建立了马铃薯的第一个突变体库;(2)建立了马铃薯的第二个突变体库;(3)建立了马铃薯的第二个突变体库;(4)建立了马铃薯的第二个突变体库。(2)疣果茄“基础基因型”基因组序列草图的阐明。(3)鉴定一个或多个突变体的候选基因和突变等位基因。

项目成果

期刊论文数量(3)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Identification and rapid mapping of a gene conferring broad-spectrum late blight resistance in the diploid potato species Solanum verrucosum through DNA capture technologies.
A critical comparison of technologies for a plant genome sequencing project
  • DOI:
    10.1101/201830
  • 发表时间:
    2017-10
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    9.2
  • 作者:
    Pirita Paajanen;George Kettleborough;E. López-Girona;M. Giolai;D. Heavens;David Baker;Ashleigh Lister-Ashleigh-Lis
  • 通讯作者:
    Pirita Paajanen;George Kettleborough;E. López-Girona;M. Giolai;D. Heavens;David Baker;Ashleigh Lister-Ashleigh-Lis
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Glenn Bryan其他文献

Glenn Bryan的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Glenn Bryan', 18)}}的其他基金

Potato miRNAs and their role in potato tuber formation
马铃薯 miRNA 及其在马铃薯块茎形成中的作用
  • 批准号:
    BB/J017213/1
  • 财政年份:
    2013
  • 资助金额:
    $ 43.13万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
Controlling dormancy and sprouting in potato and onion
控制马铃薯和洋葱的休眠和发芽
  • 批准号:
    BB/K020889/1
  • 财政年份:
    2013
  • 资助金额:
    $ 43.13万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant

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