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Novel thermostable enzymes for industrial biotechnology (THERMOGENE)

用于工业生物技术的新型热稳定酶 (THERMOGENE)

基本信息

批准号：
BB/L002035/1
负责人：
Jennifer Littlechild
金额：
$ 29.97万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF EXETER
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2013 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FL002035%2F1
关键词：
Novel thermostable enzymes industrial biotechnology

项目摘要

There is an increasing demand for new thermostable enzymes with enhanced performance and/or novel functionalities that could provide savings in time, money and energy for industrial processes in the areas of high value chemical production and many other "white" biotechnology applications.Enzyme chemistry can make reactions feasible that are currently unavailable using conventional chemical methods. Use of enzymes for chemical processes is a route to lower energy consumption and reduced waste generation. In addition the selectivity of enzymatic processes reduces raw material costs and the safety issues surrounding the production of wasteful bi-products. Optimised enzyme production will lead to economically viable and cost effective, sustainable production.THERMOGENE will focus on the discovery of selected transferase enzymes with known and potential commercial applications. These include enzymes able to transfer 2-carbon units, transketolases; able to transfer amine groups, transaminases; able to transfer isoprenyl or prenyl groups, prenyltransferases and able to transfer methyl and hydroxymethyl groups, methyl and hydroxymethyl transferases. The use of enzymes in green chemistry and biotechnology is increasingly important. This is partially driven by the pharmaceutical sector in the development of new therapeutic agents that are required to be optically pure compounds. The number of new drug intermediates produced by enzymes is expected to rise significantly in the next few years.One disadvantage of using enzymes is that proteins are often not stable during the reaction conditions required for the industrial process. This is still a major bottleneck in the commercial use of enzyme catalysts.This proposal will concentrate on discovery of novel enzymes from marine and terrestrial environments. This will use newly sequenced genomes of thermophilic bacteria and archaea and metagenomes isolated from thermophilic environments. The latter will allow us to sample the DNA from organisms not able to be cultured in the laboratory and also the genetic material from viruses. The enzymes isolated from organisms able to grow at high temperatures will have higher stability in water based and solvent based conditions which are required for the industrial processes. It will also seek to discover enzymes with new and novel activities which are often found in these organisms that have evolved to have different fats in their cell membrane and different pathways in their metabolism.At the end of the project we will identify many new biological catalysts that can be used to replace and work together with traditional chemical processes. This will lead to a greener and more sustainable environment for future generations.

人们对具有增强性能和/或新功能的新型耐热酶的需求越来越大，这些酶可以为高价值化学生产领域的工业过程和许多其他“白色”生物技术应用节省时间、金钱和能源。酶化学可以使目前使用传统化学方法无法实现的反应成为可能。在化学过程中使用酶是降低能源消耗和减少废物产生的一条途径。此外，酶法工艺的选择性降低了原材料成本，并降低了围绕生产浪费的双产品的安全问题。优化的酶生产将带来经济上可行和成本效益高的可持续生产。THERMOGENE将专注于发现具有已知和潜在商业应用的精选转移酶。这些酶包括能够转移2-碳单元的酶，转酮醇酶；能够转移胺基的转氨酶；能够转移异戊二烯或戊二烯基基的异戊二烯转移酶，以及能够转移甲基和羟甲基的酶，甲基和羟甲基转移酶。在绿色化学和生物技术中使用酶正变得越来越重要。这在一定程度上是由制药部门在开发新的治疗剂方面推动的，新的治疗剂要求是光学纯化合物。预计在未来几年，由酶产生的新药物中间体的数量将显著增加。使用酶的一个缺点是，在工业化过程所需的反应条件下，蛋白质往往不稳定。这仍然是酶催化剂商业化应用的一个主要瓶颈。这项提案将集中在从海洋和陆地环境中发现新的酶。这将使用新测序的嗜热菌和古菌的基因组，以及从嗜热环境中分离出来的元基因组。后者将允许我们从不能在实验室培养的生物体中提取DNA，也可以从病毒中提取遗传物质。从能够在高温下生长的生物体中分离出来的酶在工业过程所需的水基和溶剂基条件下将具有更高的稳定性。它还将寻求发现具有新的和新的活性的酶，这些酶经常在这些生物中发现，这些生物已经进化到在它们的细胞膜上具有不同的脂肪和在它们的代谢过程中具有不同的途径。在项目结束时，我们将发现许多新的生物催化剂，可以用来取代传统的化学过程，并与传统的化学过程协同工作。这将为子孙后代带来更绿色、更可持续的环境。