NUTRITIONAL DETERMINANTS OF BREAST CANCER RISK

乳腺癌风险的营养决定因素

• 批准号: 3180350
• 负责人: Walter C. Willett
• 金额: $ 22.06万
• 依托单位: HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1985
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1985-09-30 至 1989-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3180350
• 关键词: antioxidants; breast neoplasms; cancer risk; carotenoids; chromatography; clinical chemistry; dietary lipid; dietary trace element; fatty acids; gas chromatography; glutathione peroxidase; high performance liquid chromatography; human subject; nutrient intake activity; nutrition aspect of cancer; nutrition related neoplasm /cancer; nutrition related tag; postmenopause; retinoids; selenium; tocopherols; unsaturated fatty acids

Although a series of international population studies and animal experiments suggest that dietary fat may increase the risk of breast cancer, epidemiologic studies conducted to date have yielded inconsistent results. However, few epidemiologic studies have measured specific fatty acid intakes or have controlled for other nutritional factors, particularly antioxidants, that may modify the effect of fat intake. A case-control study is proposed to address a series of hypotheses relating biochemical and other indicators of dietary intake to the risk of breast cancer among post-menopausal women. Specifically, it is hypothesized that the following factors increase the risk of breast cancer: 1) diets high in specific fatty acids such as linoleic and trans fatty acids 2) diets low in selenium 3) diets high in total fat 4) the combination of high intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids and low intake of antioxidants (selenium, vitamins A and E and specific carotenoid fractions) or low level of plasma glutathione peroxidase activity. Cases and controls will be post-menopausal women who are patients of the Breast Evaluation Center of the Dana Farber Cancer Institute and its surgical staff. Over three years 1080 subjects - 360 women with newly diagnosed local or regional breast cancer and two control subjects for each case (one with no breast disease requiring biopsy and another with benign breast disease) - will be enrolled. Specific fatty acids will be measured by capillary column gas-liquid chromatography of fat from subcutaneous fat aspiration specimens; selenium by neutron activation analysis of toenails; vitamins A, E and specific carotenoid fractions by high-pressure liquid chromatography of plasma; and total dietary fat, fiber, protein, vitamin C and other nutrients by a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. The study will also provide an opportunity to evaluate the micronuclei test, a possible measure of DNA damage. The effects and interactions of specific dietary factors will be studied using crude, stratified, and multivariate analyses. The study design conservatively provides a 90 percent probability of detecting relative risks of 2.0 for extreme quartiles of exposure.

尽管一系列国际人口研究和动物研究 实验表明饮食中的脂肪可能会增加乳腺癌的风险 迄今为止进行的癌症流行病学研究得出的结果不一致 结果。 然而，很少有流行病学研究测量了特定的脂肪 酸摄入量或已控制其他营养因素，特别是 抗氧化剂，可能会改变脂肪摄入的影响。 提出了一项病例对照研究来解决一系列有关的假设 饮食摄入的生化和其他指标对乳腺癌风险的影响 绝经后妇女的癌症。 具体来说，假设 以下因素会增加患乳腺癌的风险： 1）富含特定脂肪酸（例如亚油酸和反式脂肪酸）的饮食 2）低硒饮食 3）总脂肪含量高的饮食 4）高多不饱和脂肪酸摄入与低摄入相结合 摄入抗氧化剂（硒、维生素 A 和 E 以及特定的类胡萝卜素 分数）或血浆谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性水平低。 病例和对照将是绝经后女性，她们是该病的患者 达纳法伯癌症研究所乳房评估中心及其 手术人员。 三年多来，1080 名受试者 - 360 名女性接受了新的治疗 诊断为局部或区域性乳腺癌，每个对象有两名对照受试者 病例（一例没有需要活检的乳腺疾病，另一例为良性乳腺疾病） 乳腺疾病） - 将被纳入。 将测量特定脂肪酸 通过毛细管柱气相色谱分析皮下脂肪中的脂肪 抽吸标本；通过脚趾甲的中子活化分析来检测硒； 高压液体提取维生素 A、E 和特定类胡萝卜素组分 血浆色谱法；和总膳食脂肪、纤维、蛋白质、维生素 C 和其他营养素通过经过验证的半定量食物频率 调查问卷。 该研究还将提供一个评估 微核测试，一种可能的 DNA 损伤测量方法。 将研究特定饮食因素的影响和相互作用 使用粗略、分层和多元分析。 研究设计 保守地提供 90% 的概率检测相对 极端四分位数暴露的风险为 2.0。