LICIT & ILLICIT ABUSED STIMULANT DRUGS

合法

• 批准号: 6515372
• 负责人: Roland R Griffiths
• 金额: $ 41.52万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1984
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1984-07-01 至 2004-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6515372
• 关键词: adenosine; amphetamines; behavioral /social science research tag; bioimaging /biomedical imaging; caffeine; clinical research; cocaine; dopamine antagonists; drug abuse; drug withdrawal; human middle age (35-64); human subject; methylphenidate; nicotine; psychopharmacology; stimulant /agonist; substance abuse related behavior; theophylline; young adult human (21-34)

A series of studies is proposed in subjects with histories of drug abuse and in normal human volunteers to investigate several effects that caffeine shares with classic stimulant drugs of abuse. A series of eleven studies will focus on the comparative clinical pharmacology of caffeine, nicotine and cocaine administered intravenously to stimulant drug abusers on a residential research laboratory. A set of four studies will evaluate the comparative intravenous reinforcing effects of caffeine, nicotine and cocaine. A second set of sour studies will examine interactions between acutely and chronically administered caffeine, nicotine and cocaine. Finally, a set of three studies will examine the effects of a selective dopaminergic blocker on the effects of intravenous caffeine, nicotine and cocaine. Concurrent with the residential studies, a series of non-residential studies in normal volunteers will investigate caffeine physical dependence and reinforcement. One study will explore the use of cerebral blood flow velocity and quantitative EEG as sensitive physiological measures of caffeine withdrawal. Two studies will explore pharmacological mechanisms in caffeine withdrawal by evaluating the effects of an adenosine-mediate challenge drug on caffeine withdrawal and by comparing the effects of caffeine, theophylline and methylphenidate on caffeine withdrawal. Another study will investigate graded dose reduction as a procedure for reducing severity of caffeine withdrawal. Finally, two studies will use choice procedures to compare the reinforcing effects of oral caffeine and d-amphetamine, explore correlates of individual differences in caffeine and d-amphetamine choice, and investigate whether acquisition of a caffeine discrimination enhances subsequent choice of caffeine. Given the widespread elicit use of physical dependence and reinforcement of the general population and in developing caffeine-use reduction or cessation programs as well as programs for minimizing caffeine-associated health risks. This research with caffeine and other classic psychomotor stimulants should also advance our understanding of pharmacological and behavioral mechanisms underlying stimulant drug abuse as well as provide novel information about interactions among commonly used and abused stimulants.

在有药物滥用史的受试者和正常人志愿者中进行了一系列研究，以调查咖啡因与典型的兴奋剂滥用药物的几种共同作用。一系列11项研究将集中在住宅研究实验室静脉注射咖啡因、尼古丁和可卡因给兴奋剂吸毒者的比较临床药理学。一组四项研究将评估咖啡因、尼古丁和可卡因对静脉注射的对比增强效果。第二组酸味研究将检查急性和长期服用咖啡因、尼古丁和可卡因之间的相互作用。最后，一组三项研究将检验选择性多巴胺能阻滞剂对静脉注射咖啡因、尼古丁和可卡因的影响。在住院式研究的同时，一系列对正常志愿者的非住院式研究将调查咖啡因的身体依赖和强化。其中一项研究将探索使用脑血流速度和定量脑电作为咖啡因戒断的敏感生理指标。两项研究将通过评估腺苷介导的激发药物对咖啡因戒断的影响，以及通过比较咖啡因、茶碱和哌酸甲酯对咖啡因戒断的影响，来探索咖啡因戒断的药理学机制。另一项研究将研究分级减量作为降低咖啡因戒断严重程度的一种方法。最后，两项研究将使用选择程序来比较口服咖啡因和d-苯丙胺的强化效果，探索咖啡因和d-苯丙胺选择的个体差异的相关性，并调查获得咖啡因歧视是否会增强随后的咖啡因选择。鉴于普遍使用身体依赖和加强一般人群，并在制定减少或戒除咖啡因的方案以及最大限度地减少与咖啡因相关的健康风险的方案中使用咖啡因。这项关于咖啡因和其他经典精神运动兴奋剂的研究也应该促进我们对兴奋剂滥用背后的药理学和行为机制的理解，并提供关于常用和滥用兴奋剂之间相互作用的新信息。