LICIT AND ILLICIT ABUSED DRUGS/BEHAVIORAL INTERACTION

合法和非法滥用药物/行为互动

• 批准号: 3208679
• 负责人: Roland R Griffiths
• 金额: $ 21.11万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1984
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1984-07-01 至 1989-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3208679
• 关键词: breath tests; caffeine; carbon monoxide; central nervous system stimulants; chlorpromazine; coffee; dextroamphetamine; diazepam; dosage; drug abuse; drug delivery systems; drug metabolism; human subject; nicotine; preference; psychomotor function; psychopharmacology; reinforcer; respiratory gas analyzer; sedative /hypnotic; self medication; telemetry; tobacco abuse

This project will analyze behavioral and pharmacological determinants of two prevalent forms of licit human drug taking behavior: cigarette smoking and coffee/caffeine self-administration. A series of five cigarette smoking studies will be conducted with subjects participating on an outpatient basis. Within a laboratory setting volunteer subjects will be permitted to smoke cigarettes under semi-naturalistic conditions which permit accurate measurement of number of cigarettes smoked, the duration and distribution of individual cigarette puffs, the volume and duration of inhalation and exhalation, and carbon monoxide levels in expired air. Two experiments will extend previous research of the effects of commonly taken psychoactive drugs on smoking by characterizing the effects of diazepam and chlorpromazine on smoking in both normal and drug abuser subjects. Two other experiments will provide information about pharmacologically-specific mechanisms in the control of smoking by characterizing the effects of pre-session administration of nicotine (via nicotine-containing gum) and inhaled carbon monoxide on cigarette smoking. A final cigarette smoking experiment will involve a direct experimental analysis of variables controlling some of the most important topographical aspects of smoking: puff volume, inhalation volume, inhalation duration, and carbon monoxide exposure. Concurrent with the smoking studies, a series of six coffee/caffeine studies will be conducted with subjects with histories of heavy coffee drinking who will reside in an inpatient research ward. Two experiments will provide information about caffeine reinforcement by using choice procedures to assess preference between caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee and by characterizing self-administration in the absence of coffee. Three experiments will investigate tolerance and cross-tolerance to caffeine by studying the effects of chronic caffeine consumption on the subjective, behavioral, and physiological effects of a wide range of doses of caffeine, d-amphetamine, and diazepam. A final study will investigate possible subjective, behavioral, and physiological effects of coffee constituents other than caffeine by evaluating caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee when administered under blind (in capsules) and nonblind (in beverage) conditions. In addition to providing new information about determinants of two licit forms of drug taking behavior which produce significant health risk, these studies will provide an improved understanding of the nature of the addictive process.

该项目将分析行为和药理学决定因素， 两种普遍的合法人类吸毒行为：吸烟 和咖啡/咖啡因自我给药。 一系列五支香烟 吸烟研究将在受试者中进行， 门诊基础。 在实验室环境中，志愿受试者将 允许在半自然的条件下吸烟， 允许准确测量吸烟的数量、持续时间 和分布的个别香烟喷烟，体积和持续时间， 吸入和呼出以及呼出空气中的一氧化碳水平。 两 实验将扩展以前的研究的影响， 精神活性药物对吸烟的影响， 氯丙嗪对正常人和药物滥用者吸烟的影响。 两 其他实验将提供关于药理学特异性的信息， 通过描述以下因素的影响， 治疗前给予尼古丁（通过含尼古丁的口香糖），以及 吸入一氧化碳 最后一根烟 实验将涉及变量的直接实验分析 控制吸烟的一些最重要的地形方面： 抽吸量、吸入量、吸入持续时间和一氧化碳 exposure. 与吸烟研究同时进行的， 咖啡/咖啡因研究将在有以下病史的受试者中进行： 大量饮用咖啡的患者将住在住院研究病房。 两 实验将提供有关咖啡因强化信息， 选择程序，以评估咖啡因和 脱咖啡因咖啡，并通过在 没有咖啡。 三个实验将研究耐受性， 通过研究慢性咖啡因的影响， 消费的主观，行为和生理影响， 各种剂量的咖啡因右旋安非他命和安定 最终 研究将调查可能的主观，行为和生理 咖啡因以外的咖啡成分的影响， 含咖啡因和脱咖啡因的咖啡，当在盲态下给药时（ 胶囊）和非盲（在饮料中）条件。 除了提供 关于两种合法吸毒形式的决定因素的新信息 这些研究将提供 对成瘾过程的本质有了更好的理解。