NERVUS TERMINALIS RELAY OF CHEMICAL SIGNALS

这项研究的长期目的是描述和描述 研究哺乳动物终神经的功能，如 从外部传递化学信号的中间体 环境对大脑的神经内分泌细胞和 确定它是单独作用还是与嗅觉协同作用， 犁鼻神经和/或三叉神经。终神经是 唯一直接从鼻子投射到 前脑的隔区和视前区，这些区域有 牵涉到接受和协调刺激， 引起特定的行为和荷尔蒙变化，与 生殖功能。它是“嗅觉”中研究最少的。 系统，因为很难将其与 嗅神经和犁鼻神经。免疫反应阳性的发现 黄体生成素释放激素(LHRH)在神经和 与这条神经相关的神经节细胞在解剖上 区分是可行的，并为调查 这条神经的功能。 本次调查的具体目标是：一. 终神经与终肌关系的特征 嗅神经和犁鼻神经。逆行追踪和 将使用免疫细胞化学技术来确定 此神经的中枢和外周投射的范围，如果 投射是传入和/或传出的，并标识 神经化学物质存在于这些起源的细胞中 投射。类固醇放射自显影将用于检查 终神经细胞可能的受体含量。 终神经的超微结构特征。Pre- 包埋免疫细胞化学染色程序和电子 显微镜将用于检查在脑内发现的突触的类型 这条神经的神经节和由 犁鼻和嗅觉上皮、鼻血中的LHRH神经元 血管和腺体。三、LHRH的个体发生研究 神经细胞及LHRH基因表达的初步检测 终结者。氚胸苷放射自显影与LHRH 将使用免疫细胞化学来确定时间和地点 LHRH细胞的起源(前脑和/或嗅觉胎盘) 终末神经的。放射性标记原位杂交 将使用探针来检测LHRH mRNA在细胞中的存在 终神经，因为这条神经似乎是起始的和 胎儿中十肽的主要来源。

The long term purpose of this research is to characterize and investigate the function of the nervus terminalis, in mammals, as an intermediary in the relay of chemical signals from the external environment to the neuroendocrine cells of the brain and to determine if it acts alone or in concert with the olfactory, vomeronasal and/or trigeminal nerves. The nervus terminalis is the only cranial nerve which projects directly from the nose to the septal and preoptic areas of the forebrain, regions which have been implicated in the reception and coordination of stimuli that evoke specific behavioral and hormonal changes relevant to reproductive function. It is the least studied of the "olfactory" systems because of difficulty in distinguishing it from the olfactory and vomeronasal nerves. The finding of immunoreactive luteining hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) in nerves and ganglion cells associated with this nerve made anatomical distinction feasible and provided a tool for investigating the function of this nerve. The specific objectives of this investigation are: I. Characterization of the nervus terminalis in relation to the olfactory and vomeronasal nerves. Retrograde tracing and immunocytochemical techniques will be used to determine the extent of the central and peripheral projections of this nerve, if the projections are afferent and/or efferent, and identify the neurochemical substances present in the cells of origin of these projections. Steroid autoradiography will be used to examine possible receptor content of the cells in the nervus terminalis. II. Ultrastructural characterization of the nervus terminalis. Pre- embedding immunocytochemical staining procedures and electron microscopy will be used to examine the types of synapses found in the ganglia of this nerve and the types of endings made by the LHRH neurons in vomeronasal and olfactory epithelia, nasal blood vessels, and glands. III. Study of the ontogenesis of the LHRH cells and initial detection of LHRH mRNA in the nervus terminalis. Tritiated thymidine autoradiography and LHRH immunocytochemistry will be used to determine the time and site of origin (forebrain and/or olfactory placode) of the LHRH cells of the nervus terminalis. In situ hybridization with radiolabeled probes will be used to detect the presence of LHRH mRNA in the nervus terminalis, since this nerve appears to be the initial and principal source of the decapeptide in the fetus.