Bilateral BBSRC - Embrapa. Exploitation of the rhizosphere microbiome for sustainable wheat production

双边 BBSRC - Embrapa。

• 批准号: BB/N016246/1
• 负责人: Tim Mauchline
• 金额: $ 52.2万
• 依托单位: Rothamsted Research
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2016 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FN016246%2F1
• 关键词: Bilateral; BBSRC; Embrapa.; Exploitation; rhizosphere

Current models predict that the world's population will reach 9 billion by 2050 and that crop yields will need to increase by 70-100% to sustain the population growth. Wheat is the UK's most highly grown cereal, with high average yields in comparison with the world average. However, there are concerns that rates of wheat yield increases have now stalled. In contrast, Brazil is currently a net wheat importer, but recent initiatives, including the cultivation of wheat in tropical savannah areas (the Cerrado), aim to increase production and productivity so that Brazil will initially become self-sufficient in wheat production and eventually an exporter of this globally important crop. Developing improved and advanced sustainable wheat production methods, therefore, is a priority research area for both countries, as evidenced by the joint wheat research programme between Embrapa and BBSRC.Current intensive agricultural practices that depend on unsustainable levels of inorganic fertilisers, pesticides and other chemical inputs are environmentally damaging and unsustainable - it is clear that expansion of these agricultural practices to meet future needs is not economically or environmentally feasible and so we urgently need to explore other options to meet the global food security challenge. Plants are colonized by an astounding number of microorganisms that can reach cell densities much greater than the number of plant cells. Recent research has found that soil microbes benefit crop plants in a number of ways, including improved plant nutritional status and disease suppression. However, the exact nature of these communities and the microbial partners required are poorly understood, let alone the mechanisms by which they benefit host plants. As such, it is important that we determine how the soil microbial community influences wheat plant health to achieve sustainable intensification of production.Determining the optimum composition of soil microbiomes associated with plants, especially the root systems (the rhizosphere), to inform sustainable soil management strategies represents a novel and unique strategy to boost plant growth and health that has not previously been attempted. The rhizosphere microbiome can provide a range of functions to sustain plant development such as: nitrogen fixation, nutrient solubilisation or defence against pathogens. However, elucidation of the mechanisms underlying beneficial interactions between microbes and plants are not well understood. Understanding these mechanisms will be key to developing the rhizosphere microbiome for sustainable wheat production, and is central to the work planned in this proposal.In this project, we will elucidate the relative importance of the host plant (both modern and ancestral wheat) in terms of genotype and root chemistry, as well as farming practices such as crop rotation and fertilisation regime, in shaping the wheat rhizosphere microbiome. The microbiome will be assessed using meta-genomic and meta-transcriptomic techniques; whereas the plant host genotype will be determined using diversity arrays technology and plant root chemistry through metabolomics. We will also identify keystone members of the rhizosphere microbiome through 'proof of principle' experiments to assess how manipulation of the microbiome structure influences plant performance. As such, we will obtain a holistic understanding of the factors influencing the microbiome structure, as well as how the microbiome influences both crop health and yield - both of which are required to optimise microbiome function for enhanced plant production in a sustainable manner.

目前的模型预测，到2050年，世界人口将达到90亿，农作物产量需要增加70%-100%才能维持人口增长。小麦是英国种植最多的谷物，与世界平均产量相比，小麦的平均产量很高。然而，人们担心小麦增产的速度现在已经停滞不前。相比之下，巴西目前是小麦净进口国，但最近的举措，包括在热带大草原地区(塞拉多)种植小麦，旨在提高产量和生产率，以便巴西在小麦生产方面初步实现自给自足，并最终成为这种全球重要作物的出口国。因此，开发改进和先进的可持续小麦生产方法是两国的优先研究领域，EmbRapa和BBSRC的联合小麦研究计划证明了这一点。目前依赖不可持续的无机肥料、农药和其他化学投入水平的集约化农业做法对环境造成破坏和不可持续--很明显，扩大这些农业做法以满足未来需求在经济上或环境上都是不可行的，因此我们迫切需要探索其他选择来应对全球粮食安全挑战。植物被数量惊人的微生物定居，这些微生物的细胞密度远远超过植物细胞的数量。最近的研究发现，土壤微生物在许多方面有利于农作物，包括改善植物的营养状况和抑制疾病。然而，人们对这些群落和所需微生物伙伴的确切性质知之甚少，更不用说它们使宿主植物受益的机制了。因此，我们必须确定土壤微生物群落如何影响小麦作物的健康，以实现可持续集约化生产。确定与植物相关的土壤微生物群落的最佳组成，特别是与根系(根际)相关的土壤微生物群的最佳组成，为可持续的土壤管理策略提供信息，是促进植物生长和健康的一种新颖而独特的策略，这是以前从未尝试过的。根际微生物群可以提供一系列功能来维持植物的发展，例如：固氮、营养增溶或防御病原体。然而，对微生物和植物之间有益相互作用的潜在机制的阐明还不是很清楚。了解这些机制将是发展可持续小麦生产的根际微生物群的关键，也是本计划计划的工作的核心。在这个项目中，我们将阐明寄主植物(包括现代和祖先小麦)在基因型和根系化学以及作物轮作和施肥制度等耕作实践中在塑造小麦根际微生物群中的相对重要性。微生物组将使用元基因组和元转录组技术进行评估；而植物寄主基因型将使用多样性阵列技术和通过代谢组学的植物根化学来确定。我们还将通过“原则证明”实验确定根际微生物群的关键成员，以评估微生物群结构的操纵如何影响植物性能。因此，我们将全面了解影响微生物组结构的因素，以及微生物组如何影响作物健康和产量-这两者都是以可持续的方式优化微生物组功能以提高植物产量所必需的。

项目成果

Multitrophic interactions in the rhizosphere microbiome of wheat: from bacteria and fungi to protists.

• DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiaa032
• 发表时间: 2020-03
• 期刊: FEMS microbiology ecology
• 影响因子: 4.2
• 作者: Maike Rossmann;J. Perez-Jaramillo;V. N. Kavamura;J. Chiaramonte;K. Dumack;A. Fiore-Donno;L. Mendes;Márcia M. C. Ferreira;M. Bonkowski;J. Raaijmakers;T. Mauchline;R. Mendes

Land Management Legacy Affects Abundance and Function of the acdS Gene in Wheat Root Associated Pseudomonads.

• DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.611339
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Frontiers in microbiology
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: Ruscoe HL;Taketani RG;Clark IM;Lund G;Hughes D;Dodd IC;Hirsch PR;Mauchline TH
• 通讯作者: Mauchline TH

Characterising the Influence of First-Year Wheat Cultivar on Pseudomonas Selection and Function in a Take-All Infected Field

• DOI: 10.3390/crops3030019
• 发表时间: 2023-09-01
• 期刊: CROPS
• 作者: Al Zadjali，Mahira;Rabiey，Mojgan;Jackson，Robert W.
• 通讯作者: Jackson，Robert W.

Land Management and Microbial Seed Load Effect on Rhizosphere and Endosphere Bacterial Community Assembly in Wheat

• DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02625
• 发表时间: 2019-11-15
• 期刊: FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: Kavamura, Vanessa Nessner;Robinson, Rebekah J.;Mauchline, Tim H.
• 通讯作者: Mauchline, Tim H.

Inorganic Nitrogen Application Affects Both Taxonomical and Predicted Functional Structure of Wheat Rhizosphere Bacterial Communities.

• DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01074
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Frontiers in microbiology
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: Kavamura VN;Hayat R;Clark IM;Rossmann M;Mendes R;Hirsch PR;Mauchline TH
• 通讯作者: Mauchline TH