CIGARETTE SMOKING AND BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA

本研究的长期目标是开发预防性或 良性前列腺增生症（BPH）的治疗措施。 校长 具体目标是估计吸烟对死亡率的影响 前列腺增生症的手术 一个病例对照研究，提出了实现这一目标。 年龄在80岁以下的男性，在一个 21-将在罗得岛全州范围内确定一个月的期限， 对照组将从该医院的男性居民名单中随机选择。 国家，与年龄匹配的频率。 病例（1 000）和对照（2000） 将通过电话采访他们的吸烟情况 历史和其他选定的环境暴露。 相对和 将在目前的研究中估计经手术证实的BPH的归因风险。 吸烟者和戒烟者，与非吸烟者相比， 根据吸烟量和戒烟后的时间。 的幻灯片 将根据标准方案对切除的前列腺组织进行审查 为了评估增生成分的特征，特别是 上皮和其他良性变化。 吸烟的影响 将评价具有不同组织学特征的BPH亚型。 根据从对照组获得的信息，吸烟也 将与未治疗的BPH症状的发展有关 外科手术 最后，BPH与喝咖啡、饮酒 消费和职业将被探索。

The long-term goal of this study is the development of preventive or therapeutic measures for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The principal specific aim is estimation of the effect of cigarette smoking on the rate of surgery for BPH. A case-control study is proposed to achieve this aim. Men under age 80 years who have had their initial operation for BPH in a 21-month period will be identified on a state-wide basis in Rhode Island, and controls will be selected at random from lists of male residents of the state, with frequency matching by age. Cases (1000) and controls (2000) will be interviewed by telephone regarding their cigarette-smoking histories and other selected environmental exposures. Relative and attributable risks of surgically-confirmed BPH will be estimated in current smokers and ex-smokers, compared to nonsmokers, and risks will be evaluated according to amount smoked and to time since stopping. Slides of the prostatic tissue removed will be reviewed according to a standard protocol in order to assess the features of the hyperplastic component, especially the epithelium, and other benign changes. The effect of cigarette smoking will be evaluated for sub-types of BPH with different histologic features. Based on information obtained from the controls, cigarette smoking also will be related to the development of symptoms of BPH not treated surgically. Finally, associations of BPH with coffee-drinking, alcohol consumption and occupation will be explored.