权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Vector-borne transmission of lumpy skin disease virus

块状皮肤病病毒的媒介传播

基本信息

批准号：
BB/R002606/1
负责人：
Philippa Beard
金额：
$ 31.23万
依托单位：
The Pirbright Institute
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2018 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FR002606%2F1
关键词：
Vector borne transmission lumpy skin

项目摘要

Lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) is the causative agent of lumpy skin disease (LSD), an endemic disease of cattle in Africa and the Middle East where it produces significant economic loss and acts as a barrier to trade. Since 2012 LSDV has spread into Turkey, Europe, the Caucasus and Russia . The epidemic has resulted in the slaughter of thousands of cattle, mass vaccination campaigns, animal movement restrictions and export bans. One of the key knowledge gaps hampering control efforts is an understanding of how LSD is transmitted from animal to animal and herd to herd. LSD expert panels and numerous LSD-themed workshops in recent years have all identified research into vector-borne transmission of LSD as a high priority. This will be addressed in this research project.The project hypothesis is:Viable LSDV persists in insect vectors at suitable sites and for sufficient time to allow onward transmission to cattle hundreds of kilometres distant.This proposed work involves two objectives running in parallel over 18 months. Objective 1 To identify the most likely vector group responsible for transmission of LSDV. This objective will undertake experimental transmission of LSDV from infected cattle by potential insect vectors in the high containment facilities at The Pirbright Institute. These studies will use contemporary virus detection techniques to distinguish between mechanical and biological transmission, and estimate the risk of different insect vectors that are present in Europe. The vector potential of four insect species, Stomoxysis calcitrans (stable flies), Culicoides nubeculosus midge, and Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes, will be investigated. The four species were each selected on the basis of their distribution in affected and / or threatened areas, evidence from the literature of their experimental or epidemiological link to LSDV transmission, and because they represent different feeding mechanisms (solenophagous vs telmophagous).Objective 2 To assess the risk posed by LSDV and the potential impact of different control measures.This objective will integrate the experimental results into models of LSDV and, hence, explore the risk of disease and impact of different control measures. Overall the project will provide scientific evidence on vector-borne transmission of LSDV to enable effective and proportional LSD control programmes to be designed and the current Eurasian LSD epidemic to be contained.The project utilises the unique and world-class expertise at Pirbright in lumpy skin disease research, multi-scale modelling of viral diseases of livestock, the biology of blood-feeding insects, in vivo transmission studies of viruses between natural ruminant hosts and vectors, and cutting-edge bioimaging of arthropods to study vector-borne transmission of LSDV. The project is sponsored by an industrial partner MSD Animal Health, producer of the widely used Lumpyvax vaccine against LSD. MSD Animal Health are partnering Pirbright in this project to enable LSD vaccination campaigns to be augmented with scientifically rational control programmes aimed at reducing vector-borne transmission of LSDV. This approach is in accordance with Merck Animal Health's philosophy that their responsibilities extend beyond their primary business goals. By supporting this research project they aim to add value to efforts to control and eradicate LSD and thereby provide benefit to the environment and wider society as a whole.The project is also supported by DEFRA, the UK government department responsible for protecting the UK from exotic diseases such as lumpy skin disease (LSD). This support emphasises the impact this research will have on reducing the risk of LSD incursion into the UK, and facilitating its rapid eradication if it does occur.

块状皮肤病病毒 (LSDV) 是块状皮肤病 (LSD) 的病原体，LSD 是非洲和中东牛的地方性疾病，造成重大经济损失并成为贸易壁垒。自2012年以来，LSDV已蔓延至土耳其、欧洲、高加索地区和俄罗斯。该流行病导致数千头牛被屠宰、大规模疫苗接种运动、动物流动限制和出口禁令。阻碍控制工作的关键知识差距之一是了解LSD如何在动物之间和牛群之间传播。近年来，LSD 专家小组和众多以 LSD 为主题的研讨会都将 LSD 媒介传播研究列为高度优先事项。这个问题将在本研究项目中得到解决。该项目假设是：活的 LSDV 在适当地点的昆虫媒介中持续存在，并持续足够的时间，以便继续传播到数百公里之外的牛。这项拟议的工作涉及在 18 个月内并行运行的两个目标。目标 1 确定最有可能传播 LSDV 的媒介群。该项目将在皮尔布赖特研究所的高密闭设施中通过潜在昆虫媒介对受感染牛进行 LSDV 传播实验。这些研究将使用现代病毒检测技术来区分机械传播和生物传播，并估计欧洲存在的不同昆虫媒介的风险。将调查四种昆虫的媒介潜力：Stomoxysis calcitrans（厩蝇）、库蠓、埃及伊蚊和致倦库蚊。这四个物种是根据其在受影响和/或受威胁地区的分布、其与 LSDV 传播的实验或流行病学联系的文献证据以及它们代表不同的进食机制（食管性与端食性）而分别选择的。目标 2 评估 LSDV 带来的风险以及不同控制措施的潜在影响。该目标将把实验结果整合到 LSDV 模型中，因此，探讨疾病风险和不同控制措施的影响。总体而言，该项目将为 LSDV 媒介传播提供科学证据，以便设计有效且成比例的 LSD 控制计划，并遏制当前欧亚 LSD 流行。该项目利用皮尔布赖特在块状皮肤病研究、牲畜病毒性疾病多尺度建模、吸血昆虫生物学、病毒体内传播研究方面独特的世界级专业知识天然反刍动物宿主和媒介之间的研究，以及节肢动物的尖端生物成像，以研究 LSDV 的媒介传播。该项目由工业合作伙伴默沙东动物健康公司 (MSD Animal Health) 赞助，该公司生产广泛使用的 Lumpyvax LSD 疫苗。 MSD 动物保健公司与 Pirbright 合作开展该项目，通过旨在减少 LSDV 媒介传播的科学合理的控制计划来加强 LSD 疫苗接种活动。这种方法符合默克动物保健公司的理念，即他们的责任超出了其主要业务目标。通过支持这一研究项目，他们旨在为控制和根除 LSD 的努力增加价值，从而为环境和整个社会带来好处。该项目还得到 DEFRA 的支持，DEFRA 是英国政府部门，负责保护英国免受肿块性皮肤病 (LSD) 等外来疾病的侵害。这项支持强调了这项研究对于降低 LSD 侵入英国的风险以及促进其迅速根除（如果确实发生）的影响。