Evaluating the Environmental Conditions Required for the Development of Offshore Aquaculture

评估发展近海养殖所需的环境条件

• 批准号: BB/S004246/1
• 负责人: Keith Davidson
• 金额: $ 72.12万
• 依托单位: Scottish Association For Marine Science
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2018 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FS004246%2F1
• 关键词: Evaluating; Environmental; Conditions; Required; Development

Aquaculture is the cultivation of aquatic organisms, usually for the purposes of human consumption. Worldwide, fish and shellfish consumption is expanding. Globally wild fish stocks are in decline and aquaculture is rapidly growing in importance. Aquaculture production will continue to support the increasing human demand for seafood to feed both mass and quality markets in different regions of the world.Aquaculture is an increasingly important industry for the UK with exports worth in excess of £500 million. Most UK aquaculture occurs on the Scottish West coast with the dominant cultivated species being Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) which accounts for 98% of Scottish marine finfish aquaculture. The industry has an export value in excess of £500 million and employs more than 8,000 people mostly in remote locations where other job opportunities are scarce. Currently most aquaculture production occurs in fjordic sea lochs that provides relatively sheltered conditions for the farms. Industry and government have a desire to expand aquaculture production in Scotland but the opportunity to increase capacity within the sea loch environment in limited. Barriers to further expansion include planning issues, the transfer of parasitic sea lice that negatively impact fish health from one site to another, biomass limits imposed by the environmental regulator SEPA to minimise chemical and particulate impact, and the impact of fish killing harmful algal blooms that can be particularly acute in restricted exchange environments such as fjords. The fish farming industry also faces an ongoing battle with environmental campaigners who fear that intensive farming in lochs and fjords is damaging to wild stocks and ecosystems.The development of aquaculture in "offshore" environments outside of sea lochs offers a potential route for the sustainable expansion of the industry. Such locations are still within the coastal marine environment but in more open and exposed water. More dispersive open environments potentially minimise the problems outlined above with the potential for larger farms with reduced inter connectivity and environmental impact. However, these more exposed environments will carry their own risks, for example in terms of potential storm damage. To proceed with the development of offshore aquaculture a better scientific understanding of its potential benefits is therefore required. To achieve this, this project will use a combination of experimental observation at existing and proposed fish farm locations of contrasting exposure, along with previously unavailable industry data to validate existing and new physical and biological mathematical models. These models will then be used to evaluate the potential to reduce sea lice infections, the harmful algal bloom risk, the risk of equiment failure and the impact on farmed fish health of operation in more energetic environments.

水产养殖是水生生物的养殖，通常用于人类消费。在世界范围内，鱼类和贝类的消费正在扩大。全球野生鱼类资源正在减少，水产养殖的重要性正在迅速提高。水产养殖生产将继续支持人类对海产品日益增长的需求，以满足世界不同区域的大规模和高质量市场。水产养殖是英国一个日益重要的产业，出口额超过5亿英镑。大多数英国水产养殖发生在苏格兰西海岸，主要养殖品种是大西洋鲑鱼（Salmo salar），占苏格兰海洋鱼类水产养殖的98%。该行业的出口价值超过5亿英镑，雇佣了8000多名员工，他们大多在偏远地区，其他工作机会很少。目前，大多数水产养殖生产发生在为养殖场提供相对庇护条件的峡湾海湖中。工业界和政府都希望扩大苏格兰的水产养殖生产，但在海湖环境中增加产能的机会有限。进一步扩大的障碍包括规划问题、对鱼类健康产生负面影响的寄生海虱从一个地点转移到另一个地点、环境监管机构国家环境保护局（SEPA）为尽量减少化学和微粒影响而施加的生物量限制，以及鱼类致死的有害藻华的影响，这种影响在峡湾等受限制的交换环境中可能特别严重。养鱼业还面临着与环保人士的持续斗争，环保人士担心湖泊和峡湾的集约化养殖会破坏野生种群和生态系统。在海湖以外的“近海”环境中发展水产养殖为该产业的可持续发展提供了一条潜在途径。这些地点仍在沿海海洋环境中，但处于更开放和暴露的水域。更分散的开放环境可能会最大限度地减少上述问题，因为大型农场可能会减少相互联系和对环境的影响。然而，这些更暴露的环境也有其自身的风险，例如潜在的风暴破坏。因此，为了继续发展近海水产养殖，需要对其潜在利益有更科学的了解。为了实现这一目标，该项目将在现有和拟议的养鱼场进行对比暴露的实验观察，以及以前无法获得的行业数据，以验证现有和新的物理和生物数学模型。然后，这些模型将用于评估减少海虱感染的潜力、有害藻华风险、设备故障风险以及在更高能量环境中操作对养殖鱼类健康的影响。

项目成果

Qualitative Behavioral Assessment in Juvenile Farmed Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar): Potential for On-Farm Welfare Assessment.

• DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.702783
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Frontiers in veterinary science
• 影响因子: 3.2
• 作者: Jarvis S;Ellis MA;Turnbull JF;Rey Planellas S;Wemelsfelder F
• 通讯作者: Wemelsfelder F

GlobalHAB. Evaluating, Reducing and Mitigating the Cost of Harmful Algal Blooms: A Compendium of Case Studies

全球HAB。

• 发表时间: 2020
• 作者: Davidson K

Environmental Management of Marine Ecosystems

海洋生态系统的环境管理

• 发表时间: 2018
• 作者: Aleynik D

Offshore aquaculture of finfish: Big expectations at sea

• DOI: 10.1111/raq.12625
• 发表时间: 2021-11
• 期刊: Reviews in Aquaculture
• 影响因子: 10.4
• 作者: Bernat Morro;K. Davidson;T. Adams;L. Falconer;M. Holloway;A. Dale;D. Aleynik;P. Thies;F. Khalid;J. Hardwick;Helen Smith;P. Gillibrand;S. Rey-Planellas

Liver colour scoring index, carotenoids and lipid content assessment as a proxy for lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus L.) health and welfare condition

• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65535-7
• 发表时间: 2020-06-02
• 期刊: SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
• 影响因子: 4.6
• 作者: Eliasen, Kirstin;Patursson, Esbern J.;Rey, Sonia
• 通讯作者: Rey, Sonia