Rapid in-situ phytoplankton monitoring to support marine aquaculture and long term climate science

快速原位浮游植物监测以支持海水养殖和长期气候科学

• 批准号: NE/T008571/1
• 负责人: Keith Davidson
• 金额: $ 26.17万
• 依托单位: Scottish Association For Marine Science
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2019 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FT008571%2F1
• 关键词: Rapid; situ; phytoplankton; monitoring; support

Phytoplankton form the base of the marine food web. Through their primary production they are crucial to carbon cycling. Some species that form "harmful algal blooms (HABs) are harmful to human health and/or finfish and shellfish aquaculture operations.There are many thousands of species of phytoplankton. The diversity in responses of these to changing environmental conditions means that long term time series are required to understand the role of environment/climate in driving the productivity and biodiversity of our oceans. Phytoplankton increases (blooms) can occur over short timescales (days). Should blooming species be harmful, rapid early warning is required for the aquaculture industry and its regulators to protect human health (from HAB generated toxins that are vectored to humans by shellfish) and minimise mortalities, as a consequence of other HAB genera, of farmed fish.At present, the time and cost to analyse phytoplankton samples by microscopy or molecular methods prevents the high resolution monitoring required to a) understand climate effects and b) provide rapid early warning to the aquaculture industry and its regulators of HAB events. A solution to this problem is the Imaging FlowCytobot (IFCB) https://mclanelabs.com/imaging-flowcytobot/ This is an in-situ automated submersible imaging flow cytometer that also generates images of phytoplankton in-flow.The IFCB allow real time (every 20 minutes) monitoring of phytoplankton including HAB events. Once the instrument is "trained", images can be automatically classified to genus or even species level with accuracy comparable to that of human experts. Data are therefore comparable in quality with traditional microscope counts but are obtained at a much higher temporal resolution. Data collection is achieved through a novel combination of flow cytometric and video technology to capture high resolution images of suspended particles. Laser induced fluorescence and light scattering from individual particles are measured and used to trigger targeted image acquisition; the optical and image data are then transmitted to shore in real time. Images collected during this continuous monitoring are processed with automated image classification software.The IFCB can be deployed from a raft or pier to track the progression of annual phytoplankton cycles or HAB events. It can also be configured to sample from shipboard underway seawater systems, allowing phytoplankton communities to be monitored continuously along cruise routes.IFCBs have been used to collect data in a range of environments ranging from Florida to the Arctic with, e.g., the first harmful bloom so the shellfish biotoxin producing dinoflagellate Dinophysis being revealed by use of an IFCB (Campbell et al. 2010 J Phycol 46:60-75). IFCBs are now also being utilised for harmful algal bloom detection in Scandinavia and New Zealand.At present, there is no IFCB or similar capability in the UK. This instrument will therefore provide a step change in the capability of UK environmental science to monitor phytoplankton and provide early warning of the HABs that impact aquaculture.In this project we propose to purchase, train and deploy at IFCB in UK coastal waters allowing, for the first time, the production of the long term, temporally resolved data sets we require to understand the environmental control of phytoplankton and HABs in UK waters. The instrument will ordinarily be located at the Marine Scotland Coastal Observatory in Shetland close (a major site of aquaculture). IFCB data will be made freely available in real time via our web portal (www.HABreports.org) in a similar manner to an instrument in the Gulf of Mexico http://toast.tamu.edu/IFCB111. Our own expert data interpretation will enhance its benefit for aquaculture practitioners. The IFCB will therefore provide a long term data resource for scientists, policy makers the aquaculture industry and its regulators.

浮游植物构成了海洋食物网的基础。通过它们的初级生产，它们对碳循环至关重要。一些形成“有害藻华”的物种对人类健康和/或有鳍鱼类和贝类水产养殖作业有害。这些对不断变化的环境条件的反应的多样性意味着需要长期的时间序列来了解环境/气候在推动我们海洋的生产力和生物多样性方面的作用。浮游植物的增加（水华）可以在短时间内发生（天）。如果盛开的物种有害，水产养殖业及其监管机构需要迅速预警，以保护人类健康（由有害藻华产生的毒素经贝类传播给人类），并尽量减少养殖鱼类因其他有害藻华属而死亡的情况。目前，通过显微镜或分子方法分析浮游植物样品的时间和成本阻碍了所需的高分辨率监测，了解气候影响和B）向水产养殖业及其监管机构提供HAB事件的快速预警。这个问题的解决方案是成像FlowCytobot（IFCB）https://mclanelabs.com/imaging-flowcytobot/这是一个原位自动潜水成像流式细胞仪，也可以生成浮游植物流入的图像。IFCB允许真实的时间（每20分钟）监测浮游植物，包括HAB事件。一旦仪器经过“训练”，图像就可以自动分类到属甚至物种级别，其准确性可与人类专家相媲美。因此，数据在质量上与传统的显微镜计数相当，但在更高的时间分辨率下获得。数据收集是通过流式细胞仪和视频技术的新组合来实现的，以捕获悬浮颗粒的高分辨率图像。测量激光诱导荧光和来自单个颗粒的光散射，并用于触发目标图像采集;然后将光学和图像数据真实的传输到海岸。在连续监测期间收集的图像用自动图像分类软件处理。IFCB可以从筏或码头部署，以跟踪每年浮游植物周期或HAB事件的进展。它也可以配置成从船上航行的海水系统中取样，从而允许沿着巡航路线连续监测浮游植物群落。IFCB已被用于收集从佛罗里达到北极的一系列环境中的数据，例如，第一次有害水华，因此通过使用IFCB揭示了产生甲藻生物毒素的贝类甲藻（Dinophysis）（坎贝尔等人，2010 J Phycol 46：60-75）。目前，在斯堪的纳维亚和新西兰，IFCB也被用于检测有害藻华。因此，该仪器将使英国环境科学监测浮游植物并提供影响水产养殖的有害藻华预警的能力发生重大变化。在该项目中，我们建议在英国沿海沃茨水域的IFCB进行购买、培训和部署，首次实现长期生产我们需要了解英国沃茨浮游植物和有害生物的环境控制的时间分辨数据集。该仪器通常将设在苏格兰海洋海岸观测站，位于设得兰群岛克洛斯（水产养殖的一个主要地点）。国际林业局的数据将通过我们的门户网站（www.HABreports.org）以与墨西哥湾的一个仪器http://toast.tamu.edu/IFCB111）类似的方式免费提供，而且是真实的。我们自己的专家数据解释将提高其对水产养殖从业者的好处。因此，IFCB将为科学家、政策制定者、水产养殖业及其监管机构提供长期的数据资源。

项目成果

An approach for evaluating the economic impacts of harmful algal blooms: The effects of blooms of toxic Dinophysis spp. on the productivity of Scottish shellfish farms.

评估有害藻华经济影响的方法：有毒藻华的影响。

• DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2020.101912
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Harmful algae
• 影响因子: 6.6
• 作者: Martino S

Editorial: Current challenges in providing early warning of harmful algal and microbiological risk to aquaculture

社论：当前在对水产养殖有害藻类和微生物风险提供预警方面面临的挑战

• DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2022.973925
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Frontiers in Marine Science
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Neira Del Río P

Novel Methodologies for Providing In Situ Data to HAB Early Warning Systems in the European Atlantic Area: The PRIMROSE Experience

为欧洲大西洋地区 HAB 早期预警系统提供现场数据的新方法：PRIMROSE 经验

• DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2022.791329
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Frontiers in Marine Science
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Ruiz-Villarreal M

GlobalHAB. Evaluating, Reducing and Mitigating the Cost of Harmful Algal Blooms: A Compendium of Case Studies

全球HAB。

• 发表时间: 2020
• 作者: Davidson K

Shelf Sea Biogeochemistry: Nutrient and carbon cycling in a temperate shelf sea water column

陆架海洋生物地球化学：温带陆架海水柱中的营养物和碳循环

• DOI: 10.1016/j.pocean.2019.102182
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Progress in Oceanography
• 影响因子: 4.1
• 作者: Sharples J