FUNCTIONAL ORGANIZATION OF PRIMATE FRONTAL EYE FIELDS

本研究将研究灵长类动物额叶的功能组织 单细胞、柱状和行为级别的视场(FEF)，使用 生理学、解剖学、新陈代谢和行为技术。近期 研究揭示了一系列FEF细胞类型对 结合视觉引导的眼球跳动。这项研究将 确定哪些细胞类型位于哪些皮质层，以及如何响应 “列”中的字段被对齐。其他FEF神经元在 结合流畅的追逐眼球运动；这些细胞将被分析 并与电刺激引起的眼球运动有关 同样的地点。对听觉刺激做出反应的FEF神经元也将 并分析听觉响应场作为以下参数的函数 凝视方向和感知的声音方向。所有录音研究 我还将检查每个特征化的单个 通过测试植入胼胝体中的刺激电极来检测神经元， 从而确定哪些单元类型和响应场维度 膝盖骨相连的。其他实验涉及FEF组织在 细胞或皮质柱邻域的水平。生理图谱， 反映由低水平微刺激引起的眼动，将是 通过制作示踪剂强加于总的膝盖骨连通性模式 对侧前额叶注射。另一项解剖学研究将与 FEF中的眼跳组织到上级的视网膜定位图 丘脑。双标记2-脱氧-D-葡萄糖实验将描绘 通过让猴子在FEF上进行眼部运动的整体映射将使 每个标签的特定相对眼球运动模式。总FEF 消融和离散的生理定义的损伤将对 FEF在不同眼动行为中的行为作用，包括 阅读般的扫视模式和流畅的追逐。的终极来源 将通过单侧切除纹状体来研究FEF的视觉活动 皮质或上丘。总而言之，这些研究应该 进一步定义FEF在规划自愿眼动和意志中的作用 对数量庞大的异种人群也有临床意义 患有眼球运动障碍的患者。

This research will study the functional organization of the primate Frontal Eye Fields (FEF) at single cell, columnar, and behavioral levels, using physiological, anatomical, metabolic, and behavioral techniques. Recent studies have revealed a spectrum of FEF cell types that respond in conjunction with visually-guided saccadic eye movements. This study will determine which cell types lie in which cortical layers, and how response fields within a 'column' are aligned. Other FEF neurons respond in conjunction with smooth pursuit eye movements; these cells will be analyzed and related to the eye movements elicited by electrical stimulation at the same site. FEF neurons that respond to auditory stimuli will also be studied, and auditory response fields will be analyzed as a function of direction of gaze and perceived sound direction. All recording studies will also examine the callosal connectivity of each characterized single neuron by testing stimulation electrodes implanted in the corpus callosum, thus determining which cell types and response field dimensions are callosally connected. Other experiments concern FEF organization at the level of neighborhoods of cells or cortical columns. Physiological maps, reflecting eye movements elicited with low-level microstimulation, will be imposed on the overall pattern of callosal connectivity by making tracer injections in the contralateral FEF. Another anatomical study will relate saccade organization in the FEF to the retinotopic map in the superior colliculus. A double-label 2-deoxy-D-glucose experiment will portray the overall mapping of eye movements across the FEF by having monkeys will make specific opposing patterns of eye movements for each label. Total FEF ablations and discrete physiologically-defined lesions will bear on the behavioral role of the FEF in different oculomotor behaviors, including reading-like saccade patterns and smooth pursuit. The ultimate source of visual activity in the FEF will be studied by unilateral removal of striate cortex or the superior colliculus. Altogether, these studies should further define the FEF role in programming voluntary eye movements and will also have clinical relevance for the large, heterogeneous population of patients with eye movement disorders.