Drivers and dynamics of antimicrobial resistance and Salmonella in Brazilian pig and poultry production

巴西生猪和家禽生产中抗生素耐药性和沙门氏菌的驱动因素和动态

基本信息

批准号：
BB/S018913/1
负责人：
Alison Mather
金额：
$ 40.13万
依托单位：
Quadram Institute
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2019 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FS018913%2F1
关键词：
Drivers dynamics antimicrobial resistance Salmonella

项目摘要

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of bacteria found in livestock represent a grave threat to the health of both animals and humans; resistant infections in livestock also have a significant economic impact. Salmonella enterica is one of the most important bacterial pathogens in pigs and poultry, which are thought to be two of the major reservoirs for human infections. Brazil is one of the world's largest producers and exporters of pig and chicken meat, and these industries are significant contributors to the country's economy. Change in these production systems over the last 10-15 years, including massive intensification and introduction of a Salmonella Enteritidis vaccine in poultry, have led to dramatic shifts in the Salmonella serotype prevalence observed from pigs and poultry in Brazil. These shifts are probably driven by antimicrobial use and resistance, but this issue has not been fully investigated.The research outlined in our proposal builds on our one-year pump-priming grant investigating the diversity and evolution of AMR determinants in Salmonella isolated from Brazilian pigs and poultry over the last 10 years. In the course of our work, we will dramatically increase the number of available Salmonella genome sequences from Brazilian livestock; by doing so, we can identify where they fit in the global context and identify when specific subtypes emerged in Brazil. We will also look at the genetic determinants, such as AMR, facilitating the persistence of Salmonella through the food chain. By investigating the changes in AMR and serotype over the life course of livestock animals, we will help inform potential vaccine strategies. Finally, by examining AMR in the gut co-resident non-pathogenic bacteria in livestock and correlating total resistance with antimicrobial usage, we will ascertain their potential role as a reservoir of AMR genes for pathogenic bacteria such as Salmonella, as AMR genes can move between bacteria through horizontal gene transfer. We will achieve these aims using whole genome sequencing, state-of-the-art long read sequencing, combined with molecular biology and epidemiology. This proposal exploits the effective and productive collaboration between Dr Alison Mather and Dr Justin O'Grady at Quadram Institute Bioscience (QIB) in the UK, and Dr Andrea Moreno, Dr Terezinha Knöbl and Dr Luisa Moreno at the University of São Paulo (USP), along with collaborators Dr Emma Doughty at QIB and Dr Liljana Petrovska at the Animal and Plant Health Agency. Antimicrobial consumption in livestock is expected to nearly double in Brazil by 2030; this research will tackle the huge health and economic threat posed by AMR to Brazilian livestock species, which will help identify where suitable control strategies could be applied most effectively.

在牲畜中发现的细菌的抗菌耐药性（AMR）代表着对动物和人类健康的严重威胁。牲畜中的抗性感染也具有重大的经济影响。肠道沙门氏菌是猪和家禽中最重要的细菌病原体之一，被认为是人类感染的两个主要回答者。巴西是世界上最大的猪和鸡肉出口商之一，这些行业是该国经济的重要贡献者。在过去的10 - 15年中，这些生产系统的变化，包括在家禽中大量强化和引入沙门氏菌的肠肠疫苗，导致了来自巴西猪和polemy的沙门氏菌血清型流行率的急剧变化。这些转变可能是由抗菌使用和抵抗力驱动的，但是尚未对此问题进行全面研究。我们的提案中概述了我们的一年泵送拨款赠款，研究了过去十年来从巴西猪和家禽中分离出的AMR决定素的多样性和进化。在我们的工作过程中，我们将大大增加巴西牲畜可用的沙门氏菌基因组序列的数量。通过这样做，我们可以确定它们在全球环境中的位置，并确定巴西何时出现特定的子类型。我们还将查看诸如AMR之类的遗传决定剂，从而支持沙门氏菌通过食物链的持续存在。通过调查AMR和血清型在牲畜动物的生活过程中的变化，我们将帮助潜在的疫苗策略告知。最后，通过检查肠道共同居住的非病原细菌在牲畜中的AMR，并将总耐药性与抗菌用法相关联，我们将确定它们作为Salmonella（例如AMR基因）在细菌之间通过水平基因转移而移动的致病细菌中AMR基因储层的潜在作用。我们将使用整个基因组测序，最先进的长读测序，结合分子生物学和流行病学来实现这些目标。 This proposal explores the effective and productive collaboration between Dr Alison Mather and Dr Justin O'Grady at Quadram Institute Bioscience (QIB) in the UK, and Dr Andrea Moreno, Dr Terezinha Knöbl and Dr Luisa Moreno at the University of São Paulo (USP), along with collaborators Dr Emma Doughty at QIB and Dr Liljana Petrovska at the Animal and Plant Health 机构。预计到2030年，巴西的牲畜抗菌消费量将几乎翻一番；这项研究将应对AMR对巴西牲畜物种构成的巨大健康和经济威胁，这将有助于确定可以最有效地采用合适的控制策略的地方。