INVESTIGATION AND TREATMENT OF OCULAR MOTOR DISORDERS

眼运动疾病的调查和治疗

• 批准号: 3263311
• 负责人: RICHARD JOHN LEIGH
• 金额: $ 10.14万
• 依托单位: CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1986
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1986-12-01 至 1994-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3263311
• 关键词: behavior test; botulinum toxins; cerebral cortex; drug screening /evaluation; extraocular muscle; eye movement disorders; eye movements; head movements; human subject; human therapy evaluation; mathematical model; nystagmus; smooth pursuit eye movement; vestibuloocular reflex; vision disorders; vision tests; visual tracking

The objective of the proposed research remains to learn more about human ocular motor disorders that impair vision, and to appraise therapeutic measures. The research strategy is to (1) study natural behaviors such as combined eye-head tracking; (2) relate reliable measurements of eye movements to visual complaints of patients; (3) interpret the control of normal and abnormal eye movements using mathematical models that are based on known physiologic properties. In this way we plan to apply new knowledge of pathogenesis to the diagnosis and treatment of disorders of ocular motility. This proposal has five aims that emerge from prior work. One is to evaluate the role of botulinum toxin injections into selected extraocular muscles as a treatment for impaired vision and oscillopsia due to acquired nystagmus. By selecting patients in whom stabilization of retinal images by electronic means improves vision, it should be possible to produce appreciable, if temporary, improvement of symptoms. Two further projects concern study of torsional eye movements, relating them to the visual demands that they serve. We will focus on normal visuo-vestibular interaction, and investigate the mechanisms that account for suppression of vestibular eye movements when subjects view a display that moves in the roll plane with their heads. We will also study torsional eye movements in patients with disorders of vertical or horizontal gaze, to identify the involvement of the torsional system. The aim of a fourth project is to compare dynamic properties of ocular smooth-pursuit eye movements with those of combined eye-head tracking, the latter being the more natural way to visually track a moving object. The aim of the fifth project is to determine how discrete, unilateral lesions of cerebral cortex impair combined eye-head tracking, compared with purely ocular smooth pursuit. These projects will provide (1) an evaluation of a new treatment method for visual symptoms due to acquired nystagmus; (2) new information on the role of torsional eye movements and the deficits produced by disease; (3) new insights into how natural, combined, eye-head tracking allows a clear view of a moving object, and how such tracking is affected by lesions affecting secondary visual areas in cerebral cortex.

拟议研究的目的仍然是更多地了解 损害视力的人类眼部运动障碍，并评估 治疗措施。 研究策略是（1）研究 自然行为，例如眼头联合跟踪； (2) 关联 可靠地测量眼球运动和视觉不适 患者; (3)解读正常与异常眼的控制 使用基于已知数学模型的运动 生理特性。 这样我们计划应用新知识 发病机制对疾病诊断和治疗的影响 眼球运动。 该提案有五个目标，这些目标是从之前的工作中得出的。 一是 评估肉毒杆菌毒素注射对选定人群的作用 眼外肌作为视力障碍的治疗方法 获得性眼球震颤引起的振荡。 通过选择患者 通过电子手段提高视网膜图像的稳定性 愿景，应该能够产生可观的，如果是暂时的， 症状改善。 另外两个项目涉及研究 眼球扭转运动，将它们与视觉需求联系起来 他们服务。 我们将重点关注正常的视觉前庭相互作用， 并研究抑制的机制 当受试者观看移动的显示器时，前庭眼球运动 他们的头在滚动平面上。 我们还将研究扭转 垂直或水平障碍患者的眼球运动 凝视，以确定扭转系统的参与。 目的 第四个项目是比较眼睛的动态特性 与眼头结合的平滑追踪眼球运动 跟踪，后者是更自然的视觉跟踪方式 一个移动的物体。 第五个项目的目的是确定如何 离散的、单侧的大脑皮层损伤组合损伤 眼头追踪，与纯粹的眼部平滑追踪相比。 这些项目将提供（1）对新疗法的评估 针对获得性眼球震颤引起的视觉症状的方法； (2)新 有关眼球扭转运动和缺陷的作用的信息 由疾病产生； (3) 对如何自然、结合、 眼头追踪可以清晰地看到移动的物体，以及如何 这种跟踪受到影响二次视觉的病变的影响 大脑皮层的区域。