OCULAR MOTOR DISORDERS

眼部运动障碍

• 批准号: 2160862
• 负责人: RICHARD JOHN LEIGH
• 金额: $ 6.94万
• 依托单位: CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1986
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1986-12-01 至 1994-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2160862
• 关键词: behavior test; botulinum toxins; cerebral cortex; drug screening /evaluation; extraocular muscle; eye movement disorders; eye movements; head movements; human subject; human therapy evaluation; mathematical model; motion perception; nystagmus; smooth pursuit eye movement; vestibuloocular reflex; vision disorders; vision tests; visual tracking

The objective of the proposed research remains to learn more about human ocular motor disorders that impair vision, and to appraise therapeutic measures. The research strategy is to (1) study natural behaviors such as combined eye-head tracking; (2) relate reliable measurements of eye movements to visual complaints of patients; (3) interpret the control of normal and abnormal eye movements using mathematical models that are based on known physiologic properties. In this way we plan to apply new knowledge of pathogenesis to the diagnosis and treatment of disorders of ocular motility. This proposal has five aims that emerge from prior work. One is to evaluate the role of botulinum toxin injections into selected extraocular muscles as a treatment for impaired vision and oscillopsia due to acquired nystagmus. By selecting patients in whom stabilization of retinal images by electronic means improves vision, it should be possible to produce appreciable, if temporary, improvement of symptoms. Two further projects concern study of torsional eye movements, relating them to the visual demands that they serve. We will focus on normal visuo-vestibular interaction, and investigate the mechanisms that account for suppression of vestibular eye movements when subjects view a display that moves in the roll plane with their heads. We will also study torsional eye movements in patients with disorders of vertical or horizontal gaze, to identify the involvement of the torsional system. The aim of a fourth project is to compare dynamic properties of ocular smooth-pursuit eye movements with those of combined eye-head tracking, the latter being the more natural way to visually track a moving object. The aim of the fifth project is to determine how discrete, unilateral lesions of cerebral cortex impair combined eye-head tracking, compared with purely ocular smooth pursuit. These projects will provide (1) an evaluation of a new treatment method for visual symptoms due to acquired nystagmus; (2) new information on the role of torsional eye movements and the deficits produced by disease; (3) new insights into how natural, combined, eye-head tracking allows a clear view of a moving object, and how such tracking is affected by lesions affecting secondary visual areas in cerebral cortex.

拟议研究的目标仍然是更多地了解 损害视力的人类眼部运动障碍，并评价 治疗措施。 研究策略是：（1）研究 自然行为，如联合眼头跟踪;（2）相关 眼动的可靠测量，以视觉投诉 （3）解释正常眼和异常眼的对照情况 运动使用数学模型，基于已知的 生理特性 我们计划用这种方式应用新知识 发病机制的诊断和治疗疾病的 眼能动性 该提案有五个目标，这些目标来自先前的工作。 一是 为了评估肉毒杆菌毒素注射到选定的 眼外肌作为视力受损的治疗， 后天性眼球震颤引起的失明。 通过选择患者， 通过电子手段使视网膜图像稳定化的人 愿景，应该有可能产生可观的，如果暂时的， 改善症状。 另外两个项目涉及研究 扭转眼球运动，将它们与视觉需求联系起来， 他们服务。 我们将集中在正常的视觉前庭相互作用， 并研究抑制的机制， 当受试者观看移动的显示器时的前庭眼球运动 用头在滚转平面上 我们还将研究扭转 垂直或水平运动障碍患者的眼球运动 凝视，以确定扭转系统的参与。 目的 第四个项目是比较动态特性的眼睛 平稳追踪眼动与眼-头联合眼动 跟踪，后者是视觉跟踪的更自然的方式 移动的物体。 第五个项目的目的是确定如何 大脑皮层不连续的单侧损伤 眼-头跟踪，与纯视觉平滑跟踪相比。 这些项目将提供（1）一种新的治疗方法的评估 方法的视觉症状，由于获得性眼球震颤;（2）新 扭转眼球运动的作用和缺陷的信息 产生的疾病;（3）新的见解如何自然，结合， 眼-头跟踪可以清晰地看到移动的物体，以及如何 这种跟踪受到影响次级视觉的损伤的影响 大脑皮层的区域。