INVESTIGATION AND TREATMENT OF OCULAR MOTOR DISORDERS

眼运动疾病的调查和治疗

• 批准号: 2838280
• 负责人: RICHARD JOHN LEIGH
• 金额: $ 8.92万
• 依托单位: CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1986
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1986-12-01 至 1999-12-19
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2838280
• 关键词: electrostimulus; eye accommodation; eye disorder chemotherapy; eye movement disorders; eye movements; head movements; human subject; human therapy evaluation; mathematical model; motion perception; nystagmus; scopolamine; vestibuloocular reflex; vibration; vision disorders; vision tests; visual feedback; visual tracking

The objectives of the proposed research are to learn more about human ocular motor disorders that impair the vision necessary for everyday activities, and to appraise therapeutic measures. The research strategy is to (1) relate reliable measurements of eye movements to visual complaints of patients; (2) study natural behaviors such as combined eye- head tracking; (3) use measurements of normal and abnormal eye movements to test mathematical models that are based on known physiological properties; (4) apply new knowledge of pathogenesis to the diagnosis and treatment of disorders of ocular motility. This proposal has five aims that emerge from prior work. The first project is to study the effects of convergence upon acquired forms of nystagmus and so determine the potential therapeutic role of spectacle- prisms. The second project is a double-blind trial of transdermal scopolamine as treatment for acquired forms of nystagmus. It has been shown-that intravenous scopolamine suppresses pendular and downbeat- nystagmus, but a trial of this drug administered in a convenient and safe way is needed. The third project is an investigation of the effects of electronic manipulation of the latency of visual feedback on the onset and maintenance of smooth pursuit eye movements in normal subjects. The same technique will be used to study the oscillations of acquired pendular nystagmus, which have been attributed to abnormal delays in the visual system. The fourth project concerns tests of models for combined eye-head tracking, using stimuli that combine such tracking with high- frequency head vibrations. During everyday activities, subjects often track a moving object with eyes and heads while they are in motion. Normal subjects and patients with impaired vestibular or ocular pursuit function will be studied. The fifth project is an investigation of torsional gaze holding (neural integrator function) during head rotations in roll (the frontal plane). Torsional eye movements have unique properties that can be related to the visual demands that they serve. Dynamic and static ocular counterrolling will be measured in normal subjects and in patients with brain stem disease. Thus, these projects will provide: (1) new information on the pathogenesis and treatment of acquired forms of nystagmus, and the influence of novel visual stimuli on these oscillations; (2) new insights into how combined, eye-head tracking allows vision of a moving object while subjects (and patients with visuo-vestibular disease) are in motion; (3) quantification of gaze control during head rotations in roll, in normal subjects and patients with disturbances of torsional eye movements.

这项研究的目的是为了更好地了解人类 损害日常生活所必需的视力的眼部运动障碍 活动，并评估治疗措施。研究策略 是（1）将眼睛运动的可靠测量与视觉联系起来 患者的主诉;（2）研究自然行为，如联合眼- 头部跟踪;（3）使用正常和异常眼球运动测量 来测试基于已知生理学的数学模型， （4）将发病机理的新知识应用于诊断， 眼运动障碍的治疗。 该提案有五个目标，这些目标来自先前的工作。第一 项目是研究趋同对后天形式的影响， 眼球震颤，因此决定了眼镜的潜在治疗作用， 棱镜第二个项目是双盲试验透皮 东莨菪碱治疗后天性眼球震颤。已经 显示-静脉注射东莨菪碱抑制摆动和下拍- 眼球震颤，但这种药物的试验管理在一个方便和安全的 方式是需要的。第三个项目是调查 视觉反馈潜伏期的电子操纵 和维持正常受试者的平稳追踪眼球运动。的 同样的技术将被用来研究获得的振荡 摆动性眼球震颤，这是由于异常延迟， 视觉系统第四个项目是关于混合动力汽车模型的试验。 眼-头跟踪，使用联合收割机这种跟踪与高- 频率头振动。在日常活动中，受试者经常 用眼睛和头部跟踪运动中的物体。 正常受试者和前庭或眼追踪受损的患者 功能将被研究。第五个项目是调查 头部旋转期间的扭转凝视保持（神经整合功能） 额状面（Frontal plane）扭转眼球运动具有独特的 这些属性可以与它们所服务的视觉需求相关。 动态和静态眼球反滚将在正常情况下测量 受试者和脑干疾病患者。 因此，这些项目将提供：（1）关于 后天性眼球震颤的发病机制和治疗， 新的视觉刺激对这些振荡的影响;（2）新的见解 眼-头追踪是如何结合在一起， 当受试者（和患有视觉前庭疾病的患者）处于 运动;（3）在头部滚动旋转期间的注视控制的量化， 在正常人和扭转眼障碍患者中 动作