FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS OF RETINAL GANGLION CELLS

这项建议的长期目标是了解 哺乳动物视网膜的组织原理和 这种组织对联合国系统的整体运作的重要性 视觉系统。众所周知，视网膜神经节细胞是有组织的 分成不同的功能类。每个班级都要负责 将视觉世界的特定视图呈现给特定、高度 大脑的特化核团。在这方面，直接的 这个项目的目标有三个。首先，阐明其作用 由不同类别的神经节细胞通过表征 中单个单元格的视觉属性进行比较 动物准备。第二，将这些属性关联到关联 这些属性添加到新描述的 视网膜电图仪临床上用于诊断这种疾病的视网膜电流图 人类疾病如多发性硬化症、视神经萎缩和青光眼。 第三，隔离限制视力和视网膜的因素 人类的周边视觉。 不同类别的神经节细胞的代表细胞将 在猫体内引入微电极进行分离研究 麻醉动物的眼睛。对比敏感度将是 在全谱范围内对正弦光栅激励进行测定 空间频率和方位。我们将进行比较 不同类型电池在固定条件下的性能之间的关系 视网膜的位置以及相同类型的细胞之间的位置，但在 不同的视网膜位置。在录制的同时 来自个体细胞的反应，视网膜电信号将是 由第二个电极记录。我们将进行比较 在两组响应之间，以确定哪些类别的 视网膜神经节细胞，如果有的话，与这种模式相关- 诱发视网膜电流图。 人类受试者的周边视力将通过一项 新发现的一类图案化刺激，它们是可见的，但 无法妥善解决的问题。这种视觉模式称为 混叠，通常仅发生在外围字段中，并且可能 理解正常周边视力质量的关键 以及残留视力的视力障碍的原因 因年龄原因而丧失中心凹视力的人， 遗传性或获得性黄斑变性。

The long-term objective of this proposal is to understand the principles of organization of the mammalian retina and the importance of such organization for the overall functioning of the visual system. Retinal ganglion cells are known to be organized into distinct, functional classes. Each class is responsible for presenting a particular view of the visual world to specific, highly specialized nuclei of the brain. In this context, the immediate goals of this project are threefold. First, to elucidate the role played by the different classes of ganglion cells by characterizing and comparing the visual properties of individual cells in an animal preparation. Second, to relate these properties to relate these properties to a newly described component of the electroretinogram that is used clinically for diagnosis of such human diseases as multiple sclerosis, optic atrophy and glaucoma. Third, to isolate the optical and retinal factors which limit peripheral vision in man. Representative cells of the different classes of ganglion cells will be isolated for study in cat by introducing a microelectrode into the eye of an anesthetized animal. Contrast sensitivity will be determined for sinusoidal grating stimuli over the full spectrum of spatial frequencies and orientations. Comparisons will be drawn between the performance of different types of cells at fixed retinal locations and also between cells of the same type but at different retinal locations. Simultaneously with the recording of responses from individuals cells, the electroretinogram will be recorded by a second electrode. Comparisons will be drawn between the two sets of responses to determine which classes of retinal ganglion cell, if any, are correlated with this pattern- evoked electroretinogram. Peripheral vision in human subjects will be evaluated with a newly-discovered class of patterned stimuli which are visible but which cannot be resolved properly. This mode of vision, called aliasing, ususally occurs only in the peripheral field and may hold the keys to understanding the quality of normal peripheral vision as well as the cause of visual dysfunction in the residual sight of persons deprived of foveal vision because of age related, hereditary, or acquired macular degeneration.