OPTICAL AND RETINAL LIMITS TO HUMAN VISUAL PERFORMANCE

光学和视网膜对人类视觉性能的限制

• 批准号: 7442115
• 负责人: LARRY N THIBOS
• 金额: $ 28.83万
• 依托单位: TRUSTEES OF INDIANA UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1984
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1984-01-01 至 2011-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7442115
• 关键词: 3-Dimensional; Area; Binocular Vision; Blur; Cataract; Clinical; Color; Condition; Contrast Sensitivity; Cornea; Corneal Diseases; Depth; Discrimination; Eye; Film; Goals; Growth; Human; Image; Individual; Lead; Learning; Light; Measurement; Measures; Methodology; Methods; Metric; Minor; Modeling; Mydriasis; Myopia; Nature; Operative Surgical Procedures; Optics; Outcome; Outcome Assessment; Perception; Peripheral; Population; Pupil; Range; Relative (related person); Research; Research Personnel; Resolution; Retinal; Role; Sampling; Science; Series; Simulate; Statistical Models; Stimulus; Structure; System; Technology; Testing; Time; Vision; Visual; Visual Acuity; Visual Fields; base; concept; emmetropization; experience; improved; lens; luminance; monocular; new technology; novel; physical model; programs; research study; size; spatial vision; three dimensional structure; tomography; tool; visual performance

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The long-term goal of our research program is to understand how optical and retinal factors constrain the quality of visual experience. Our specific aims for the next project period are (1) to expand the scope of wavefront aberrometry into the domain of real-world vision and (2) to use this expanded scope to investigate basic mechanisms of vision in clinical and normal populations. Results will improve understanding of the relative importance of ocular monochromatic and chromatic aberrations for vision, the role of peripheral retinal image quality in myopia, the role of color changes in the retinal image for spatial vision, the mechanism of binocular summation of aberrated images, the importance of pupil size in outcome assessment of refractive surgery, and the nature of the eye's internal optical structure. Project 1. Expand wavefront aberrometry into the domain of polychromatic light by developing and employing a novel, trichromatic wavefront aberrometer and polychromatic metrics of optical quality. We will use these tools to quantify the effects of ocular aberrations on spatial vision, blur perception, and refraction. Project 2. Expand wavefront-based analysis of retinal image quality into the peripheral visual field in normal and myopic eyes. Using polychromatic metrics of retinal image quality, test current hypotheses that myopic eyes have reduced image quality and a larger depth-of-focus in the peripheral field, which may disrupt normal emmetropization and promote axial myopia. Project 3. Evaluate the importance of color changes in the polychromatic retinal image caused by ocular aberrations. We will seek evidence that luminance dominates spatial vision but blur sign depends on color. Project 4. Expand wavefront aberrometry into the domain of binocular vision by simulating binocular integration of dissimilar retinal images and evaluating outcome with metrics of cyclopean image quality. Project 5. Expand the dynamic range and spatial resolution of wavefront aberrometry for measuring clinically abnormal eyes. Test the hypothesis that aberrations at the pupil margin causes night vision complaints. Project 6. Develop a new concept of wavefront tomography to characterize the 3-dimensional structure of the eye's optical system from a series of wavefront measurements along multiple lines-of-sight.

描述（由申请人提供）：我们研究计划的长期目标是了解光学和视网膜因素如何限制视觉体验的质量。我们下一个项目期间的具体目标是（1）将波前像差测量的范围扩展到现实世界视觉领域，以及（2）利用这一扩展的范围来研究临床和正常人群的视觉基本机制。研究结果将提高人们对眼部单色像差和色像差对视力的相对重要性、周边视网膜图像质量在近视中的作用、视网膜图像颜色变化对空间视觉的作用、像差图像的双眼求和机制、瞳孔大小在屈光手术结果评估中的重要性以及眼睛内部光学结构的性质的理解。项目 1. 通过开发和采用新型三色波前像差计和光学质量的多色度量，将波前像差测量扩展到多色光领域。我们将使用这些工具来量化眼睛像差对空间视觉、模糊感知和屈光的影响。项目 2. 将基于波前的视网膜图像质量分析扩展到正常和近视眼的周边视野。使用视网膜图像质量的多色度量，测试当前的假设，即近视眼会降低图像质量，并且周边视野的焦深更大，这可能会破坏正常正视并促进轴性近视。项目 3. 评估由眼部像差引起的多色视网膜图像中颜色变化的重要性。我们将寻找证据证明亮度主导空间视觉，但模糊标志取决于颜色。项目 4. 通过模拟不同视网膜图像的双眼整合并使用独眼图像质量指标评估结果，将波前像差测量扩展到双眼视觉领域。项目5.扩大波前像差测量的动态范围和空间分辨率，用于测量临床异常眼睛。检验瞳孔边缘像差导致夜视问题的假设。项目 6. 开发波前断层扫描的新概念，通过沿多个视线的一系列波前测量来表征眼睛光学系统的 3 维结构。