[18-EEID US-UK DDCOVMP] Drivers of diversity and transmission of co-circulating viral lineages in host meta-populations

[18-EEID US-UK DDCOVMP] 宿主综合群体中共循环病毒谱系多样性和传播的驱动因素

• 批准号: BB/T004401/1
• 负责人: Samantha Lycett
• 金额: $ 51.89万
• 依托单位: University of Edinburgh
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2019 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FT004401%2F1
• 关键词: 18; EEID; US; UK; DDCOVMP

Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) is endemic in the USA, Asia and Europe, including the UK, and is considered the most important disease to control in swine populations. There are two distinct genotypes: PRRSV-1 mostly found in Europe and Asia, and PRRSV-2 predominating in the Americas but also in Asia and Europe. Additionally PRRSV-2 has also evolved a highly pathogenic type, which has now spread from China to other Asian countries. Vaccines against PRRSV-1 and PRRSV-2 exist, but due to the host response to PRRSV and since PRRSV is a rapidly evolving RNA virus with wide genetic variation and multiple sub-lineages, vaccines cannot be assumed to be fully protective.In this collaborative US-UK project we will investigate how ongoing viral evolution and variable cross-immunity to different viral strains influences circulation of these rapidly evolving viruses. In particular we will evaluate how partial immunity influences evolution within and between hosts using an experimental study, where quasi-species evolution will be tracked via next generation sequencing. To quantify viral evolution and patterns of repeated invasions of different viral lineages in field settings we will monitor farms and whole genome sequence the strains over time. We will also quantify how spatial heterogeneities in cross-immunity (based on previous infection and vaccination) and population connectivity influence co-circulation and interactions among viral lineages using a dataset of exceptional spatiotemporal resolution that covers ~20% of the U.S. sow population. Finally we will use this knowledge to perform simulation modelling to elucidate how spatial and temporal variation in cross-immunity influences evolutionary dynamics of co-circulating PRRSV lineages in realistic scenarios, which will ultimately enable us to predict what the risks of infection are to up coming PRRSV strains, and thus aid selection of the most appropriate vaccines as part of PRRSV control strategies.

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（PRRSV）在美国、亚洲和欧洲（包括英国）流行，被认为是猪群中需要控制的最重要疾病。有两种不同的基因型：PRRSV-1主要见于欧洲和亚洲，PRRSV-2主要见于美洲，但也见于亚洲和欧洲。此外，PRRSV-2还演变为高致病性型，现已从中国传播到其他亚洲国家。目前存在针对PRRSV-1和PRRSV-2的疫苗，但由于宿主对PRRSV的反应，以及PRRSV是一种快速进化的RNA病毒，具有广泛的遗传变异和多个亚系，因此不能认为疫苗具有完全的保护作用。在这个美英合作项目中，我们将研究正在进行的病毒进化和对不同病毒株的可变交叉免疫如何影响这些快速进化的病毒的循环。特别是，我们将评估部分免疫如何影响宿主内部和宿主之间的进化，使用一项实验研究，其中准物种进化将通过下一代测序进行跟踪。为了量化病毒进化和不同病毒谱系在野外环境中重复入侵的模式，我们将监测农场并对菌株进行全基因组测序。我们还将量化交叉免疫的空间异质性（基于先前的感染和疫苗接种）和种群连通性如何影响病毒谱系之间的共循环和相互作用，使用覆盖约20%美国母猪种群的特殊时空分辨率数据集。最后，我们将利用这些知识进行模拟建模，以阐明交叉免疫的时空变化如何影响现实情况下共循环PRRSV谱系的进化动力学，这将最终使我们能够预测即将到来的PRRSV毒株的感染风险，从而帮助选择最合适的疫苗作为PRRSV控制策略的一部分。

项目成果

Impact of vaccination and selective breeding on the transmission of Infectious salmon anemia virus

• DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2021.736365
• 发表时间: 2021-03-30
• 期刊: AQUACULTURE
• 影响因子: 4.5
• 作者: Chase-Topping, Margo E.;Pooley, Chris;Doeschl-Wilson, Andrea
• 通讯作者: Doeschl-Wilson, Andrea

Why breed disease-resilient livestock, and how?

• DOI: 10.1186/s12711-020-00580-4
• 发表时间: 2020-10-14
• 期刊: Genetics, selection, evolution : GSE
• 作者: Knap PW;Doeschl-Wilson A
• 通讯作者: Doeschl-Wilson A

Review: Livestock disease resilience: from individual to herd level.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2021.100286
• 发表时间: 2021-12
• 期刊: Animal : an international journal of animal bioscience
• 作者: Doeschl-Wilson A;Knap PW;Opriessnig T;More SJ
• 通讯作者: More SJ

Mapping the Dynamics of Contemporary PRRSV-2 Evolution and Its Emergence and Spreading Hotspots in the U.S. Using Phylogeography.

• DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12050740
• 发表时间: 2023-05-20
• 期刊: Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)
• 作者: Pamornchainavakul N;Paploski IAD;Makau DN;Kikuti M;Rovira A;Lycett S;Corzo CA;VanderWaal K
• 通讯作者: VanderWaal K

Potential Novel N-Glycosylation Patterns Associated with the Emergence of New Genetic Variants of PRRSV-2 in the U.S.

• DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10122021
• 发表时间: 2022-11-26
• 期刊: Vaccines
• 影响因子: 7.8
• 作者: Paploski IAD;Makau DN;Pamornchainavakul N;Baker JP;Schroeder D;Rovira A;VanderWaal K
• 通讯作者: VanderWaal K