What's the Risk from and to European wildlife from SARS-like Coronaviruses?

当前的COVID-19人类大流行起源于东南亚野生动物，尽管自然的地方性宿主仍然未知（很可能是蝙蝠），但从人类向其他物种的传播，包括在养殖水貂中大规模暴发和在家猫中发生病例，仍在不断发生。在欧洲和美国的水貂中爆发并传播回人类的疫情，增加了病毒在其他动物宿主中建立自身的可能性，为病毒创造了一个新的宿主，可能对人类和受影响的动物造成严重后果。欧洲是大量野生鼬类物种的家园，包括野生水貂，以及已知携带类似sars病毒的蝙蝠和被认为对SARs-CoV2易感的蟋蟀啮齿动物。然而，我们目前还不知道这些动物中是否发生了任何病毒溢出或传播。该项目将对英国风险最高的野生动物物种（蝙蝠、mustelids和环状啮齿动物）的粪便和肺部样本进行基于PCR的筛查，以检测SARS-CoV-2样病毒，包括使用NGS测序技术（Illumina和Nanopore）从任何阳性动物中检索完整的病毒序列。该项目将确定：a)目前是否正在发生SARS-COV-2从人类向野生动物的溢出；b)这些动物还携带哪些其他冠状病毒。这将使人们能够决定SARS-COV-2在欧洲野生动物中的传播是否对人类和/或野生动物构成真正的风险，以及是否有必要进行监测或减灾规划

The current COVID-19 human pandemic had its origins in SE Asian wildlife, and although the natural, endemic host remains unknown (most likely bats), onward transmission from humans to other species including large outbreaks in farmed mink and cases in domestic cats keep occuring . The outbreak in mink in Europe and the USA with transmission back to humans has raised the spectre of the virus establishing itself in other animal hosts, creating a new reservoir for the virus, with potentially serious consequences for both humans and affected animals. Europe is home to a large number of wild mustelid species, including feral mink, along with bats known to carry SARS-like viruses and cricetid rodents thought to be susceptible to SARs-CoV2. However, we currently have no idea whether any virus spill-over or circulation is occurring in these animals. This project will perform PCR based screening of faecal and lung samples from the highest risk wildlife species for SARS-CoV-2 like viruses in the UK (bats, mustelids and cricetid rodents), including retrieval of full virus sequences from any positive animals using NGS sequencing techniques (Illumina and Nanopore).The project will determine:a) If SARS-COV-2 spill-over from humans into wildlife is currently occurringb) What other coronaviruses these animals are carryingThis will enable decisions to be made as to whether SARS-CoV-2 circulation in European wildlife represents a real risk to the human population and/or to wildlife, and if monitoring or mitigation programmes are necessary