DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION OF THE DIVERSE PLANT ACTIN GENES

大豆肌动蛋白多基因家族至少包含6个成员。 这些 植物肌动蛋白以类似于 动物肌动蛋白，但在kappa，lambda， 和mu大豆肌动蛋白之间的哺乳动物细胞质和肌肉 肌动蛋白 从这些不同的大豆中产生的稳态mRNA水平 肌动蛋白基因在很大范围内变化，并显示出一定的器官特异性。 一 已知多种细胞质功能和表达水平， 动物和植物的肌动蛋白，无论是在细胞内还是在不同的细胞中， 组织中 因此，提出植物肌动蛋白基因的多样性是 在组织特异性调节下产生肌动蛋白， 功能协调发展的 在这项提议中，广泛的植物肌动蛋白基因序列数据， 预测的蛋白质序列，并使用转录单位的结构 to address解决this hypothesis假设. 各种抗体，包括那些 将从κ、λ和μ大豆肌动蛋白合成肽， 用于将三类肌动蛋白定位于不同的组织类型， 通过免疫细胞化学方法观察发育阶段。 差异基因 将通过构建嵌合肌动蛋白基因来证实表达 并检测它们在转基因矮牵牛植物中的功能。 这包括 大豆、矮牵牛和玉米肌动蛋白基因与非肌动蛋白基因之间的嵌合体 融合 基因、启动子和转录本结构的研究将继续进行。 所有的大豆和矮牵牛肌动蛋白 这项研究应确定独特的 组织特异性DNA调控元件，并提供新的见解肌动蛋白 在植物中的作用 细胞质肌动蛋白的功能及其它 动物的细胞骨架蛋白是复杂的，直到最近才开始研究。 光 考虑到肌动蛋白在所有真核生物中普遍存在的性质， 植物肌动蛋白多样性功能和表达研究 将对细胞骨架结构的研究产生巨大的影响， 将军

The actin multigene family in soybean contains at least six members. These plant actins accumulate amino acid substitutions at a rate similar to the animal actins and yet there is far greater diversity between kappa, lambda, and mu soybean actins than between mammalian cytoplasmic and muscle actins. The steady state mRNA levels produced from these diverse soybean actin genes varies over a large range and shows some organ specificity. A variety of cytoplasmic functions and levels of expression are known for both animal and plant actin proteins both within cells and in different tissues. Therefore, it is proposed that the diverse plant actin genes are under tissue-specific regulation producing actins for a variety of functions. In this proposal, extensive data on plant actin gene sequence, predicted protein sequence, and structure of the transcription unit is used to address this hypothesis. A variety of antibodies, including those to synthetic peptides from the kappa, lambda, and mu soybean actins, will be used to localize the three classes of actin to different tissue types and stages of development by immunocytochemical methods. Differential gene expression will be confirmed by the construction of chimeric actin genes and examining their function in transgenic petunia plants. This includes chimeras between soybean, petunia, and maize actin genes and non-actin gene fusions. Gene, promoter, and transcript structure studies will continue on all of the soybean and petunia actins. This study should identify unique tissue-specific DNA regulatory elements and provide new insights into actin function in plants. The functions of cytoplasmic actin and other cytoskeletal proteins in animals are complex and only recently coming to light. Considering the ubiquitous nature of actin in all eukaryotes, it is likely that research on the diverse function and expression of plant actins will have a striking impact on the study of cytoskeletal structure in general.