DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION OF THE DIVERSE PLANT ACTIN GENES

大豆肌动蛋白多基因家族至少有6个成员。这些 植物肌动蛋白积累氨基酸替代的速度类似于 动物肌动蛋白，然而kappa，lambda， 和Mu大豆肌动蛋白，而不是哺乳动物细胞质和肌肉之间的肌动蛋白 肌动蛋白。从这些不同品种大豆中产生的稳定状态mRNA水平 肌动蛋白基因在很大范围内变化，并表现出一定的器官特异性。一个 细胞质的各种功能和表达水平是已知的 动物和植物的肌动蛋白在细胞内和不同的 纸巾。因此，植物肌动蛋白基因的多样性被认为是 在组织特定的调控下，为各种 功能。在这项建议中，大量关于植物肌动蛋白基因序列的数据， 使用预测的蛋白质序列和转录单元的结构 来解决这一假设。各种抗体，包括那些针对 来自Kappa，lambda和Mu大豆肌动蛋白的合成肽，将是 用于将三类肌动蛋白定位到不同的组织类型和 通过免疫细胞化学方法检测发育阶段。差异基因 嵌合肌动蛋白基因的构建将证实其表达 并在转基因矮牵牛中检测它们的功能。这包括 大豆、矮牵牛和玉米肌动蛋白基因与非肌动蛋白基因的嵌合体 融合。基因、启动子和转录本结构的研究将继续 所有的大豆和矮牵牛肌动蛋白。这项研究应该确定独特的 组织特异性DNA调控元件并提供对肌动蛋白的新见解 在植物中的功能。细胞质肌动蛋白等的功能 动物中的细胞骨架蛋白是复杂的，直到最近才发现 灯。考虑到肌动蛋白在所有真核生物中普遍存在的性质，它是 很可能对植物肌动蛋白功能和表达多样性的研究 将对细胞骨架结构的研究产生显著的影响 将军。

The actin multigene family in soybean contains at least six members. These plant actins accumulate amino acid substitutions at a rate similar to the animal actins and yet there is far greater diversity between kappa, lambda, and mu soybean actins than between mammalian cytoplasmic and muscle actins. The steady state mRNA levels produced from these diverse soybean actin genes varies over a large range and shows some organ specificity. A variety of cytoplasmic functions and levels of expression are known for both animal and plant actin proteins both within cells and in different tissues. Therefore, it is proposed that the diverse plant actin genes are under tissue-specific regulation producing actins for a variety of functions. In this proposal, extensive data on plant actin gene sequence, predicted protein sequence, and structure of the transcription unit is used to address this hypothesis. A variety of antibodies, including those to synthetic peptides from the kappa, lambda, and mu soybean actins, will be used to localize the three classes of actin to different tissue types and stages of development by immunocytochemical methods. Differential gene expression will be confirmed by the construction of chimeric actin genes and examining their function in transgenic petunia plants. This includes chimeras between soybean, petunia, and maize actin genes and non-actin gene fusions. Gene, promoter, and transcript structure studies will continue on all of the soybean and petunia actins. This study should identify unique tissue-specific DNA regulatory elements and provide new insights into actin function in plants. The functions of cytoplasmic actin and other cytoskeletal proteins in animals are complex and only recently coming to light. Considering the ubiquitous nature of actin in all eukaryotes, it is likely that research on the diverse function and expression of plant actins will have a striking impact on the study of cytoskeletal structure in general.