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Step change material efficiency for steel and aluminium.

逐步改变钢和铝的材料效率。

基本信息

批准号：
EP/G007217/1
负责人：
Julian Allwood
金额：
$ 199.47万
依托单位：
University of Cambridge
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Fellowship
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2009 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FG007217%2F1
关键词：
Step change material efficiency steel

项目摘要

Achieving the carbon target for steel and aluminium requires an industry-wide transformation which will result in new business models and new metal flows. The proposal aims to identify credible scenarios for achieving the target, to specify the barriers to achieving them, and to define the economic and policy measures required to drive change. In parallel, the proposal aims to deliver basic technology research that will allow more options for a future materially efficient steel and aluminium economy.It is widely agreed that a cut of at least 60% in global greenhouse gas emissions will be required by 2050 to limit the adverse effects of climate change. Steel and aluminium are responsible for 8% of global energy related emissions. Industry efforts to date have focused on reducing energy in primary production, and recycling metal by melting and re-casting. However, demand for both steel and aluminium is forecast to double, recycling rates are already around 60-70% and the most optimistic projections for energy efficiency improvements deliver only 30% reduction per unit output of material. Efficiency improvements alone are not sufficient, but the 2050 target can be achieved if, in addition to existing measures, energy used in converting ingots to products is halved, the volume of metal used in each application is reduced, and a substantial fraction of metal is re-used without melting. In pursuing this strategy, this proposal is aligned with the EPSRC strategic theme on energy demand reduction.The need for clarity about the physical implications of responding to the carbon target has become a major priority in the metal producing and using industry. Without the work described in this proposal, it is not possible for the government, industry and the public to understand and negotiate the choices they must collectively make in order to meet the carbon target in this sector. Accordingly, this proposal comes with support of 2 million in committed effort from 20 global companies, all with operations in the UK. The business activities of the consortium span primary metal production, conventional recycling, equipment manufacture, road transport, construction, aerospace, packaging and knowledge transfer.The work of the fellowship will be split between business analysis and technology innovation themes. The business analysis theme will identify future scenarios, barriers and a roadmap for meeting the target. This work will include specific analysis of future metal flows, application of a global economic model and the analysis of policy measures. The technology innovation theme aims to optimize the requirements for metal use through novel manufacturing process design, to increase material and energy efficiency in forming and finishing, and to develop solid-state closed-loop recycling for metals. Both themes will be developed in collaboration with the consortium, and will also draw on an international scientific panel and a cross-disciplinary advisory panel in Cambridge.The work will lead to two major reports for wide distribution, direct dissemination into the partner companies, training courses, technology assessments and physical demonstrations of the technology innovations. These will include a demonstration for public engagement. The results of the work on steel and aluminium will be used to stimulate interest among business leaders in other sectors, and will form the basis for a longer term Centre for Low Carbon Materials Processing in Cambridge.The Leadership Fellowship offers a unique and timely opportunity to undertake the basic research required to drive a step-change in material efficiency, by demonstrating that a different flow of metal through the global economy is technically and economically possible, and by inspiring and informing those who can influence change.

实现钢铁和铝的碳目标需要全行业的转型，这将导致新的商业模式和新的金属流动。该提案旨在确定实现目标的可信情景，具体说明实现目标的障碍，并确定推动变革所需的经济和政策措施。与此同时，该提案旨在提供基础技术研究，为未来的钢铁和铝经济提供更多选择。人们普遍认为，到2050年，全球温室气体排放量至少要减少60%，以限制气候变化的不利影响。钢铁和铝占全球能源相关排放量的8%。迄今为止，工业界的努力集中在减少初级生产的能源，以及通过熔化和重新铸造回收金属。然而，对钢铁和铝的需求预计将翻一番，回收率已经达到60-70%左右，对能源效率改进的最乐观预测是每单位材料产量仅减少30%。仅仅提高效率是不够的，但如果除了现有措施外，将铸锭转化为产品所用的能源减半，减少每种应用所用的金属量，并在不熔化的情况下重新使用很大一部分金属，就可以实现2050年的目标。在实施这一战略的过程中，该提案与EPSRC关于减少能源需求的战略主题保持一致。明确应对碳目标的物理影响的必要性已成为金属生产和使用行业的主要优先事项。如果没有本提案中所述的工作，政府、行业和公众就不可能理解和协商他们必须集体做出的选择，以实现该部门的碳目标。因此，这项提议得到了20家全球公司200万英镑的承诺支持，这些公司都在英国开展业务。该联合体的业务活动涵盖初级金属生产、常规回收、设备制造、公路运输、建筑、航空航天、包装和知识转让，研究金的工作将分为业务分析和技术创新两个主题。业务分析主题将确定未来的场景，障碍和实现目标的路线图。这项工作将包括对未来金属流动的具体分析、全球经济模型的应用和政策措施的分析。技术创新主题旨在通过新颖的制造工艺设计优化金属使用要求，提高成型和精加工的材料和能源效率，并开发金属的固态闭环回收。这两个主题将与该联合会合作制定，并将利用一个国际科学小组和一个在剑桥的跨学科咨询小组的意见，这项工作将产生两个主要报告，供广泛分发，直接分发给伙伴公司，培训课程，技术评估和技术创新的实物演示。这些活动将包括一个公众参与的示范。钢铁和铝的研究成果将被用于激发其他行业的商业领袖的兴趣，并将成为剑桥低碳材料加工中心的长期基础。领导奖学金提供了一个独特而及时的机会，开展推动材料效率逐步变化所需的基础研究，通过证明金属在全球经济中的不同流动在技术上和经济上是可能的，并通过激励和告知那些能够影响变革的人。