SAMULET_Project_2_Combustion Systems for Low Environmental Impact

未来航空燃气轮机产品的销售取决于提供具有竞争力的推进系统并满足当前和预期的环境立法的能力。客户在选择过程中越来越重视排放表现。这意味着新的燃烧室设计必须提供高燃料效率和低氮氧化物(NOx)、未燃烧的燃烧产物和颗粒物的排放。提高燃油效率的最有效途径是通过更高的压力比、更高的旁路比和更高的核心温度比，所有这些都会导致更高的燃烧温度。这直接影响到NOX，因此燃烧系统必须降低给定热力循环的排放性能，才能保持当前的排放水平。因此，需要逐步改变NOX排放技术。如果能够为大型发动机开发适当的稀薄燃烧技术，并为较小的产品开发改进的浓燃技术，就可以实现这一目标。为了实现这一目标，需要通过基础研究创造更多的知识和创新的想法：‘安静的’低排放燃料喷射器，预测/管理燃烧不稳定性的新技术，煤油/替代燃料的先进测量技术，改进的燃料控制系统，更好的燃烧室冷却系统设计，以及使用考虑残余应力影响的新制造方法准确提升燃烧室的方法。

Future sales of aero gas turbine products are dependent on the ability to deliver propulsion systems that are competitive and meet current and anticipated environmental legislation. Customers are increasingly prioritising emissions performance in their selection process. This means new combustor designs must deliver high fuel efficiency and low emissions of oxides of nitrogen (NOx), unburnt combustion products, and particulates. The most powerful route to improving fuel efficiency is via higher pressure ratios, higher bypass ratios, and higher core temperature ratios, all resulting in higher combustion temperatures. This directly impacts on NOX, so the combustion system has to reduce emissions performance for a given thermodynamic cycle just to maintain current emissions levels. Step changes in NOX emissions technology are thus required. This can be delivered if appropriate lean burn combustion technology for large engines and improved rich burn technology for smaller products can be developed. To achieve this target requires improved knowledge and innovative ideas to be created via fundamental research into: 'quiet' low emissions fuel injectors, new techniques for predicting/managing combustion instability, advanced measurement techniques for kerosene/alternative fuels, improved fuel control systems, better design of combustor cooling systems, and methods for accurate lifing of combustors using novel approaches to manufacturing incorporating the effects of residual stresses.