DEVELOPMENT AND BEHAVIOR OF CHILD PEDESTRIAN VICTIMS

儿童行人受害者的发育和行为

• 批准号: 3326543
• 负责人: Katherine Kaufer Christoffel
• 金额: $ 21.22万
• 依托单位: LURIE CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL OF CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1989
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1989-04-01 至 1994-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3326543
• 关键词: accident proneness; child behavior; child physical development; child psychology; child rearing; epidemiology; family structure /dynamics; injury prevention; middle childhood (6-11); vehicular accident

Pedestrian fatalities outnumber passenger fatalities in U.S. school-aged children. The problem is particularly severe in cities. As yet, there are no known effective prevention approaches to complement variably effective education efforts. The proposed study will (1) analyze the interactions of biology, development/behavior and the traffic environment leading to pedestrian injury (PI), and (2) seek to identify developmental, behavioral, and family characteristics that place children at risk for PI. The study expands on work done in a pilot study. 200-250 PI victims 6-11 years old (cases) will be identified among inpatients at one Chicago pediatric hospital trauma center, or in the offices of practicing pediatricians affiliated with the hospital. With physician and family consent, date will be collected from medical records concerning injury severity and preexisting medical problems. Families will be interviewed concerning family constellation and details of the injury event, and will complete standardized surveys of development, temperament (Alpern-Boll, Thurstone), behavior (Achenbach), and family environment (Moos, Coddington). Teacher assessments of behavior and development will also be obtained correlation analysis will be used to identify types of children (in terms of demography, development, behavior and family) and sties (in terms of traffic/environment), and to link types of sites and children. Logit analysis will be used to compare mild and severe cases. Cases will be qualitatively analyzed at monthly staffings by a multidisciplinary term (pediatrics, social work, psychology, traffic engineering) to clarify the dynamic interaction of medical, developmental/behavioral, and traffic factors and to suggest potential mechanisms, conceptual frameworks and countermeasures. Uninjured children will be recruited to provide controls equal in number to cases and matched to cases on age, sex, social status and geographic origin. Controls will be recruited from the hospital and from pediatric practices. Control families will fill out the same surveys as cases. Cases and controls will be compared using discrete choice models, chisquare, ANOVA and t statistics. They study will (1) characterize children with PI and environments in which injuries occurred, (2) identify risk factors for PI, and (3) develop conceptual models and directions for future research.

美国行人死亡人数超过乘客死亡人数 学龄儿童。 这个问题在以下地区尤为严重 城市。 目前尚无有效的预防方法 补充不同有效的教育工作。 拟议的 研究将（1）分析生物学的相互作用， 发展/行为和交通环境导致 行人伤害 (PI)，以及 (2) 寻求识别发育、 使儿童处于危险之中的行为和家庭特征 对于PI。 该研究扩展了试点研究中所做的工作。 200-250 6-11岁的PI受害者（案件）将被确定为 芝加哥一家儿科医院创伤中心的住院患者，或 附属于儿科医生的执业儿科医生办公室 医院。 经医生和家人同意，日期将是 从医疗记录中收集有关伤害严重程度和 先前存在的医疗问题。 家属将接受采访 关于家庭排列和受伤事件的细节， 并将完成发育、气质等标准化调查 （阿尔彭-波尔、瑟斯通）、行为（阿亨巴赫）和家庭 环境（Moos、Coddington）。 教师行为评估 相关性分析也将得到发展 用于识别儿童类型（就人口统计学而言， 发展、行为和家庭）和猪圈（就 交通/环境），并链接网站类型和儿童。 Logit 分析将用于比较轻度和重症病例。 案件将由每月的人员配置进行定性分析 多学科术语（儿科、社会工作、心理学、 交通工程）阐明医疗的动态相互作用， 发展/行为和交通因素并提出建议 潜在机制、概念框架和对策。 将招募未受伤的儿童来提供同等的控制 病例数并与年龄、性别、社会地位和年龄相匹配 地理起源。 控制人员将从医院招募 以及儿科实践。 对照家庭将填写 调查与案例相同。 案例和对照将使用进行比较 离散选择模型、卡方、方差分析和 t 统计。 他们 研究将 (1) 描述具有 PI 的儿童和环境 发生了哪些伤害，(2) 确定 PI 的危险因素，以及 (3) 制定未来研究的概念模型和方向。