PHASED ARRAYS FOR MULTIPLANE ESOPHAGEAL ECHOS IN INFANT

这些技术和临床研究的目的是进一步 婴幼儿先天性心脏病的无创性评价进展 通过提供专门的高频相控阵器件在7.5 MHz和10 MHz，并专门设计了儿科内窥镜设备，用于 先天性心脏解剖的术中探查及三例 复杂心血管畸形的三维重建。 我们之前在这项提案的头两年所做的工作导致了 首款功能7.5 MHz小型化芯片的设计与实现 元素儿科探头及其在儿科心脏中的应用 腹部、颅内影像和血管解剖影像 经多普勒和彩色血流方法增强。这些探头充当了 推动商用7.5 MHz探头发展的两家公司 以及其他公司试图掌握这项技术。(两个 其他小组已经准备好了7.5 MHz的探头。都不是近场 优化或分辨率与我们的一样高)。进一步优化 7.5 MHz探头的设计参数及10 MHz相位的研制 阵列探头应能进一步推进儿科心血管成像。 此外，内窥镜和食道检查方法的快速发展 评估患者的心脏病已经被证明是非常重要的 成人心脏病学。在儿科心脏病学，因为复杂的 先天性疾病的解剖，也迫切需要小型化 婴儿术中先天性心脏病监护装置 疾病修复。目前还没有适合的高频小儿内窥镜 新生婴儿。我们建议开发的内窥镜设备和 构建包括7.5 MHz和10 MHz内窥镜探头，6至8 mm2相控 阵列尖端建立在6 mm的儿童食道镜上，将能够 心脏的多平面成像与三维重建 结构和流程。我们在扩展范围和多功能性方面的努力 7.5~10 MHz频段的相控阵器件及其发展 内窥镜多平面三维成像方法应该产生主要的 儿科心脏病患者诊断和外科计划的进展。

It is the purpose of these technical and clinical studies to further advance the non-invasive evaluation of infants with congenital heart disease by providing specialized high-frequency phased array devices at 7.5 MHz and 10 MHz and specifically designed pediatric endoscopic devices for intraoperative exploration of congenital heart anatomy and for three- dimensional reconstruction of complex cardiovascular malformations. Our previous work on the first two years of this proposal has resulted in the design and implementation of the first functional 7.5 MHz miniaturized 64 element pediatric probes and their application in pediatric heart, abdominal, intracranial imaging and the imaging of vascular anatomy enhanced by Doppler and color flow methods. The probes served as the impetus for the development of commercial 7.5 MHz probes both by General Electric and attempts by other companies to master this technology. (Two probes at 7.5 MHz have been prepared by other groups. None is near-field optimized or is as high in resolution as ours). Further optimization of the design parameters of 7.5 MHz probes and the development of 10 MHz phase array probes should further advance pediatric cardiovascular imaging. Additionally, the rapid evolution of endoscopic and esophageal methods for evaluating patients' heart disease has proven of substantial importance in adult cardiology. In pediatric cardiology because of the complexity of congenital disease anatomy, there is also crucial need for miniaturized devices for use in babies for intraoperative monitoring of congenital heart disease repair. No high frequency pediatric endoscopes exist suitable for newborn infants. The endoscopic devices that we proposed to develop and build includes 7.5 MHz and 10 MHz endoscopic probes with 6 to 8 mm2 phased array tips built on 6 mm pediatric esophagoscopes which will be capable of multi-planar imaging and three dimensional reconstruction of cardiac structure and flow. Our efforts in extending the range and versatility of phased array devices in the 7.5 to 10 MHz frequency range and developing endoscopic multi-planar 3-dimensional imaging methods should yield major advances in diagnostic and surgical planning for pediatric heart patients.