The Next Generation of Activated Carbon Adsorbents for the Pre-Combustion Capture of CO2

本研究的愿景是开发活性炭吸附剂和系统模型，以提高IGCC工艺的效率、灵活性和可操作性。由树脂前驱体制备的新型活性炭（AC）吸附剂具有定制控制其CO2吸附能力和等温线形状的能力。因此，在成本和灵活性方面，它们比溶剂型系统在综合联合循环气化（IGCC）过程中燃烧前捕获二氧化碳具有显着优势。该研究将重点关注在实际工艺条件下，在水分和其他气体存在的情况下，树脂衍生碳的孔隙度和表面功能是如何控制其二氧化碳吸附的，包括珠状和整体形式。在IGCC中可能实现高的CO2去除率，需要在不同压力下运行多个床层。因此，在低分压（<5 bar）下显示高吸附剂吸收率的CO2也将被研究。事实上，在低分压下表现出高吸收率的吸附剂也将应用于燃烧后捕获和在炼铁过程中选择性地从高炉煤气中去除二氧化碳。与此同时，该项目还将考虑如何利用交流吸附剂的独特性能来捕获二氧化碳，从而提高IGCC发电厂的可操作性。将在系统的基础上对通过吸附去除不同水平的二氧化碳的排放量、资源需求和成本进行比较，从而设计出不同的设计方案和控制策略，以尽量减少二氧化碳捕获对整个过程效率的影响。在研究方案中，第一个主题关于各种ac的功效的结果将被用作第二个主题关于IGCC植物性能建模的设计基础。该提案汇集了来自五个学术机构的平衡专业知识，以增加我们对AC吸附剂用于燃烧前捕获的理解，以及它们将如何提高IGCC工厂的可操作性和灵活性。诺丁汉和伯明翰在二氧化碳吸附剂和电厂控制方面的国际公认能力，以及煤炭化学研究所（ICC）和清华大学的互补优势，使得合作伙伴将各自的优势结合起来，解决IGCC更有效地捕获二氧化碳的问题，以及这对整个电厂运营的影响。对于中国的合作伙伴，清华大学已经研究IGCC过程超过10年，他们开发了第一个完整的简化IGCC动态数学模型和仿真程序。国际商会CAS参与了气化的许多方面，并已与联合国就燃烧后捕集的活性炭进行合作（ICUK奖）。关于《呼吁》，本建议涉及：(i)基于材料进步的新技术；（ii）采用先进材料的建模和模拟以及捕集厂

The vision of the proposed research is to develop activated carbon adsorbents and system models to improve the efficiency, flexibility and operability of IGCC processes . Novel activated carbon (AC) adsorbents prepared from resin precursors have the ability to be tailored to control both their CO2 adsorption capacity and isotherm shape. As a result, they offer significant advantages over solvent-based systems for the pre-combustion capture of CO2 in integrated combined cycle gasification (IGCC) processes in terms of cost and flexibility. The research will focus on gaining a fundamental understanding of how the porosity and surface functionality of resin-derived carbons, both in bead and monolith forms, controls their CO2 adsorption under actual process conditions in the presence of moisture and other gases. It is likely to achieve high CO2 removals in IGCC, more than one bed will be needed operating at different pressures. As a result adsorbents displaying high uptakes at low partial pressures (<5 bar) of CO2 will also be investigated. Indeed adsorbents displaying high uptakes at low partial pressures will also find applications in post-combustion capture and selectively removing CO2 from blast furnace gas during iron making. In parallel, the project will also consider how the unique performance of the AC sorbents for CO2 capture will improve the operability of IGCC power plants. Comparisons of emissions, resource requirements and costs with varying levels on CO2 removal via adsorption will be made on a systematic basis allowing different design options and control strategies to be devised, in order to minimise the effects of CO2 capture upon the overall process efficiency. In the research programme, the results from the first theme on the efficacy of the various ACs will be used as the design basis in the second theme on modelling the performance of IGCC plants. The proposal brings the balanced expertise together from five academic institutes to increase our understanding of AC adsorbents for pre-combustion capture and how they will improve the operability and flexibility of IGCC plants. The internationally recognized capability for CO2 adsorbents and power plant control at Nottingham and Birmingham and the complementary stengths of the Institute Coal Chemistry (ICC) and Tsinghau Univeristy make it logical for the partners to combine their strengths to address more effective capture of CO2 in IGCC and the implications of this on overall plant operation. Regarding the Chinese partners, Tsinghua have studied the IGCC process for over 10 years and they have developed the first complete simplified IGCC dynamical mathematical model and simulation program). ICC CAS have been involved in may aspects of gasification and are already working with the UoN on active carbons for post-combustion capture (ICUK award). In relation to the Call, this proposal addresses both:(i) New technologies based on material advances(ii) Modelling and simulation and of capture plants employing the advanced materials