TRIAL OF SMOKING CESSATION PROGRAMS IN BLACK CHURCHES

这项研究旨在提供对吸烟的全面描述。 在农村黑人中的信仰和行为，并测试 通过黑人教堂提供戒烟策略。二 弗吉尼亚州中部人口统计相似的农村县将是 比较，1个干预点和1个控制点。在每个国家，两个 队列将被聚集，所有黑人吸烟者的随机样本( 社区队列)，以及随机抽样的所有黑人教会成员( 教堂队列)。研究的描述性部分将涉及 引发关于以下方面的知识、信念、态度和行为 在这些队列中吸烟。心血管危险因素，包括血液 压力和胆固醇水平，也将在社区中确定 一群人。对于实验部分，各种干预措施 在其他环境中被证明是有效的将通过以下方式实施 黑人教堂。这些措施将包括培育支持性环境， 分发自助材料，并提供个人支持和 通过使用同伴辅导员进行咨询。评选结果 将使用基线心理社会调查来修改这些方法，以满足当地 使用。然后，它们将以文化上合适的方式在 干预地点。 基线吸烟率将使用两个地区的初始调查来确定 各县。在干预结束时，吸烟者将再次接受调查 并在一年后建立一年的禁酒率。这些将是 作为效果分析的主要结果变量。这个 干预措施的主要效果将通过比较吸烟情况来衡量 在干预和控制中教会队列之间的禁欲比率 各县。由于相关联的社交网络的扩展性质 对于教会来说，干预也可能对个人产生影响。 没有直接暴露，这将通过比较结果来确定 在社区队列中。最后，基线之间的关联 心理社会和生理变量，接触干预措施，以及 戒烟行为也将被分析，以表征 人口基础那些受和不受这些以教会为基础的人的影响 程序。

This study is designed to provide a comprehensive description of smoking beliefs and behavior among rural blacks, and to test the effectiveness of smoking cessation strategies delivered through black churches. Two demographically similar rural counties in central Virginia will be compared, one intervention and one control site. In each country, two cohorts will be assembled, a random sample of all black smokers (the community cohort), and all members of randomly sampled black churches (the church cohort). The descriptive component of the study will involve eliciting the knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, and behavior concerning smoking from these cohorts. Cardiovascular risk factors, including blood pressure and cholesterol levels, will also be determined in the community cohort. For the experimental component, a variety of interventions which have proven to be efficacious in other settings will be implemented through black churches. These will include fostering a supportive environment, distributing self-help materials, and providing individual support and counselling through the use of peer facilitators. The results of the baseline psychosocial survey will be used to modify these methods for local use. They will then be implemented in a culturally appropriate fashion at the intervention sites. Baseline smoking rates will be determined using the initial surveys in both counties. Smokers will be surveyed again at the end of the interventions and one year later to establish one-year abstinence rates. These will be used as the primary outcome variables for the analysis of effect. The principal effect of the interventions will be measured by comparing smoking abstinence rates between the church cohorts in the intervention and control counties. Due to the extended nature of the social networks associated with the churches, the interventions may also have an effect on individuals not directly exposed, and this will be determined by comparing the outcomes in the community cohorts. Finally, the associations between the baseline psychosocial and physiologic variables, exposure to the interventions, and smoking cessation behavior will also be analyzed, to characterize on a population basis those who are and are not influenced by these church-based programs.