Multi-disciplinary Centre for In-situ Processing Studies (CIPS)

这笔拨款将在Harwell的研究中心建立一个多学科的原位处理研究中心（CIPS），由牛津大学的Alexander Korsunsky教授和Dermot O'Hare教授领导。它将使一个不同的科学家团队能够共同研究各种材料的整个生命周期过程，从它们的化学和制造到组件在使用过程中可能降解的方式。它将利用哈维尔无与伦比的设施，包括钻石光源，用于极亮x射线的实验，以及ISIS脉冲中子源，用于高中子通量。通过在这些设施进行实验，使实验在真实的加工条件下进行，并实时跟踪，该中心将使研究人员能够在不同的加工技术下获得详细的三维机械和化学行为。这将允许开发更好的制造和加工方法；高效生产新材料；提高了对反复使用的材料变化的理解和控制。该中心将涵盖工程科学、材料、化学和物理等学科，共同推动这门新科学的发展。它将允许来自广泛合作团队的研究人员来到哈维尔，利用x射线、中子和激光束实验的新机会。许多人将进行几周的重点访问，在此期间，他们将能够与该中心的专家一起发展他们的方法。在这些访问期间，他们将与两位常驻研究人员合作，他们将开发新的系统方法来研究x射线或中子发生的过程，包括设计每个过程可以发生的新细胞。一个将专门研究复杂的化学过程，另一个将研究材料和工程处理以及数据分析，从而为所有参与团体带来广泛的知识和经验。所有学科在实验技术和数据解释规定方面都有共同的要求，并且所有学科都可以相互学习了解复杂过程的最有效方法。通过解决这些要求和分享专业知识，该中心将能够研究制造和加工的广泛跨学科问题。该中心的研究项目反映了牛津大学、剑桥大学、格拉斯哥大学、诺丁汉大学、圣安德鲁斯大学和华威大学等大学研究小组的研究活动和兴趣。他们的工作范围从了解锂离子电池在充电和使用过程中的结构和化学，到在铸造和焊接等工程过程中发生的许多变化。不断发展的技术，如纳米颗粒的生产，也将形成一个特别苛刻的链。随着实验的新可能性不断发展，中心将配合相应的发展，以便利用它们跟踪正在进行的实际化学和材料加工。我们期望在这笔拨款的帮助下开展一系列“世界第一”的实验。

This grant will create a multi-disciplinary Centre for In-situ Processing Studies (CIPS) at the Research Complex at Harwell, to be led by Professors Alexander Korsunsky and Dermot O'Hare from the University of Oxford. It will enable a diverse team of scientists to work together to study processes throughout the life-cycle of a wide range of materials, from their chemistry and manufacture to the ways in which components may degrade during usage. It will draw on the unrivalled facilities at Harwell, including Diamond Light Source, for experiments with extremely bright X-rays, and the ISIS pulsed neutron source, for high neutron flux. By enabling experiments at these facilities to be performed under real processing conditions, and followed in real time, the Centre will enable researchers to obtain detailed, three-dimensional understanding of the mechanical and chemical behaviour during different processing techniques. This will allow better methods for manufacture and processing to be developed; new materials to be produced efficiently; and improved understanding and control of changes in materials over repeated usage. The Centre will span the disciplines of engineering science, materials, chemistry, and physics to collectively enable this new science to be pursued. It will allow researchers from a broad, collaborative team to come to Harwell to take advantage of new opportunities for X-ray, neutron and laser beam experiments. Many will come for focussed visits of a few weeks, during which they will be able to develop their methods in conjunction with specialists based at the Centre. During these visits, they will work with the two resident researchers, who will be developing new systematic ways to study processes with X-rays or neutrons as they occur, including the design of new cells in which each process can take place. One will specialise in complex chemical processes and the other in materials and engineering processing and data analysis, and thus bring a wide spectrum of knowledge and experience for the benefit of all participating groups. All disciplines share common requirements in terms of experimental techniques and data interpretation provisions, and all can learn from each other about the most effective ways to understand complex processes. By addressing these requirements and sharing expertise, the Centre will enable research in a broad range of interdisciplinary problems of manufacture and processing.The research programme of the Centre reflects the research activities and interests of a number of University research groups, not only in Oxford but also at Cambridge, Glasgow, Nottingham, St Andrews and Warwick. Their work ranges from understanding the structure and chemistry during charging and use of lithium-ion batteries to the many changes taking place during engineering processes such as casting and welding. Evolving technology, such as the production of nanoparticles, will also form a particularly demanding strand. As new possibilities for experiments continue to evolve, the Centre will match these with corresponding developments for using them to follow realistic chemical and materials processing as it takes place. We expect a number of 'world first' experiments to take place as a result of this grant.