SENSORIMOTOR CORTEX IN PROSIMIAN PRIMATE

原猴灵长类动物的感觉运动皮层

• 批准号: 3378173
• 负责人: MARY L CARLSON
• 金额: $ 20.01万
• 依托单位: HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1989
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1989-08-01 至 1996-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3378173
• 关键词: Prosimii; brain mapping; developmental neurobiology; electrophysiology; ethology; experimental brain lesion; fluorescent dye /probe; infant animal; mature animal; motor cortex; neuroanatomy; neurophysiology; sensorimotor system; sensory cortex; sensory discrimination; sensory mechanism; sensory thresholds; touch

The longterm goal of the last 20 years of study of the somatic sensory system in the prosimian primate, Galago, is an understanding of the role of the primary (SI) and secondary (SII) cortical projections areas in tactile discrimination capacity. In the adult Galago, neurons in the ventroposterior (VP) thalamus project to either SI or SII, whereas in the infant, many VP neurons extend collaterals to both SI and SII. In adult anthropoids, VPL projects only to SI, and SII receives tactile input indirectly through SI. Input from the hairy (H) and glabrous (G) hand projects to segregated and separately organized regions of SI and SII in the adult Galago. This contrast with SI and SII areas in Old and New World anthropoids, in which the major G input obscures the minor H input from the hand. Hence it is proposed: 1) that neither place (SI or SII) nor modality (H or G) are important in directing initial outgrowth early in development of all primates; 2) that VP neurons extend collaterals to the eventual G and H zones of SI and SII; and that peripheral and cortical activity influences the final projection pattern. In Galago, I collateral elimination may occur on the basis of submodality, whereas in anthropoids, on the basis of cortical locus (all SII collaterals are eliminated). To examine predictions based on such a proposal, studies of C and H input to SI and SII in infant and adult Galago are proposed: 1) electrophysiological studies will examine the size, submodality and topographic organization of input from the hand to areas 3b and 1 of SI and of dorsal and ventral zones of SII in infants and adults; 2) anatomical studies using multiple fluorescent dyes will examine the pattern of projections to these zones of SI and SII (which are normally segregated into G and H areas) in normal infants and adults; 3) studies using long-term fluorescent labels will determine the temporal 1 pattern of maintained VP projections in normal and experimental animals (with removal of H input, SI or SII as infants or adults); 4) and discrimination tasks will be presented to evaluate tactile capacity in animals, with expansions and/or duplications of G input in SI or SII, produced by such manipulations. These studies have implications for mechanism: 1) mediating normal cortical and behavioral development; 2) the recovery of function after early brain damage; 3) the morphological basis for the "unmasking" of input after peripheral lesions in adults; and 5) the developmental mechanisms leading to the evolution of increased cortical size and complexity in primates.

过去20年来，躯体感觉研究的长期目标是 系统在原猴纲灵长类，Galago，是一个理解的作用， 初级（SI）和次级（SII）皮质投射区， 触觉辨别能力 在成年的加拉哥， 腹后（VP）丘脑投射到SI或SII，而在 在婴儿期，许多VP神经元向SI和SII延伸侧支。 成人 VPL仅投射到SI，而SII接收触觉输入 间接通过。来自多毛（H）和无毛（G）手的输入 项目的隔离和单独组织的SI和SII区域， 成年加拉哥 这与旧区和新区中的SI和SII区形成对比， 世界上最大的G输入掩盖了较小的H输入 从手上。 因此，建议：1）任何地方（SI或SII） 或非模态（H或G）在早期指导初始生长方面很重要 在所有灵长类动物发育中; 2）VP神经元延伸侧支， SI和SII最终G和H区;以及外周和皮质 活动影响最终的投射模式。 在加拉戈，我抵押 消除可以基于亚模态发生，而在类风湿性关节炎中， 在皮质位点的基础上（所有SII侧支被消除）。 为了检验基于这种提议的预测，对C和H输入的研究 对SI和SII在婴儿和成年Galago建议：1） 电生理学研究将检查大小，亚模态和 从手到SI区域3b和1的输入的地形组织 以及婴儿和成人SII的背侧和腹侧区; 2） 使用多种荧光染料的解剖学研究将检查 SI和SII的这些区域的投影模式（通常 分为G区和H区）在正常婴儿和成人; 3）研究 使用长期荧光标记将确定时间1模式 在正常和实验动物中维持VP投射（ 去除H输入，SI或SII作为婴儿或成人）; 4）和歧视 将提出任务来评估动物的触觉能力， 在SI或SII中的G输入的扩展和/或复制， 操纵 这些研究对机制有启示：1） 介导正常的皮质和行为发育; 2）恢复 早期脑损伤后的功能; 3） 成人外周病变后输入的“暴露”;以及5） 发展机制，导致增加皮质的演变 大小和复杂性的差异