NEUROBIOLOGY OF EXPLOSIVE VIOLENCE

爆炸性暴力的神经生物学

• 批准号: 3379107
• 负责人: GARY W KRAEMER
• 金额: $ 6.92万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1985
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1985-09-01 至 1988-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3379107
• 关键词: 3 methoxy 4 hydroxyphenylethyleneglycol; aggression; alcoholic beverage consumption; animal age group; cerebrospinal fluid; dextroamphetamine; dopamine; epinephrine; ethology; homovanillate; hydroxyindoleacetate; isolation /deprivation; ketamine; neuropsychology; neurotransmitter metabolism; norepinephrine; psychological stressor; psychological tests; psychomotor function; psychosocial rehabilitation; social behavior; statistics /biometry

This project will examine the neurobiological impact of early social deprivation rearing that can lead to an explosive violence syndrome in rhesus monkeys. In juvenile and adolescent monkeys, this syndrome is characterized by inappropriate, and often unsignalled, fierce attacks on other monkeys which are not mitigated by the victims age, gender, or size. The effects of differential rearing on neurotransmitter metabolism and social behavior will be determined throughout the study. To begin, measures of biogenic amine neurotransmitters and their metabolites in cerebrospinal fluid will be obtained from rhesus monkeys shortly after birth. Groups matched on these measures will be reared for the first 9 months of life in peer groups or in individual cages. Then the deprived monkeys will be housed in social groups of like-reared subjects. When they are first put into social groups, the socially deprived monkeys will have disrupted dominance and affiliative relationships and inordinately high levels of socially deprived monkeys will be behaviorally rehabilitated using established techniques of providing nurturing social contact with socially competent monkeys, i.e.," monkey therapists." After this treatment the behavior and neurochemical characteristics of the socially reared and socially deprived subjects will be similar on a day-to-day basis. Under this veneer will be differences in the neurobiological mechanisms that control aggression. Inordinate aggression will surface insocially deprived monkeys when they have to adapt to crowded housing conditions, introduction into new social groups, or to pharmacological challenges with d-amphetamine or alcohol. These challenges will reveal the underlying propensity for unregulated aggression and the inordinate neurochemical changes associated with outbursts. Effects of the challenges on CSF neurotransmitter measures will define a neurobiological syndrome underlying violent aggression that can be detected before aggressive outbursts, and show which subjects are at risk for this behavior. Definition of the pattern of changes may suggest further pharmacological or behavioral interventions that could limit or prevent violent outbursts.

这个项目将研究早期社会活动对神经生物学的影响。 剥夺抚养可能导致爆炸性暴力综合症， 恒河猴 在幼年和青春期的猴子中，这种综合症是 以不适当的，通常是不明显的，激烈的攻击为特点的， 其他猴子的受害者的年龄，性别或大小不减轻。 差异性饲养对大鼠神经递质代谢及 将在整个研究过程中确定社会行为。 开始， 生物胺神经递质及其代谢产物的措施， 脑脊液将从恒河猴中获得， 出生 在这些措施上匹配的群体将在前9个月被饲养 几个月的生活在同龄人群体或在个别笼子里。 然后是被剥夺的人 将猴子圈养在由相似饲养的受试者组成的社会群体中。 当他们 首先被放入社会群体中，被剥夺社会权利的猴子 破坏了支配和从属关系， 被剥夺社会地位的猴子的行为将得到恢复 利用已建立的技术， 有社交能力的猴子，即，“猴子治疗师。“在这之后 治疗的行为和神经化学特征的社会 被抚养和被剥夺社会权利的受试者在日常生活中的情况将是相似的。 基础 在这种表象之下， 控制攻击性的机制 过度的侵略将浮出水面 被剥夺了社交能力的猴子， 条件，引入新的社会群体，或药理学 D-安非他明或酒精的挑战。 这些挑战将揭示 潜在的不受管制的侵略倾向和过度的 与情绪爆发有关的神经化学变化 挑战的影响 对脑脊液神经递质的测量将定义一个神经生物学综合征 潜在的暴力攻击，可以检测到之前的侵略性， 爆发，并显示哪些受试者有这种行为的风险。 变化模式的定义可能提示进一步的药理学或 行为干预可以限制或防止暴力爆发。