PROLACTIN EFFECTS ON BEHAVIOR--SITES AND MODES OF ACTION

催乳素(PRL)是一种临床上重要的垂体激素， 神经肽参与多种细胞因子的表达 脊椎动物的行为模式。然而，在绝大多数情况下， 催乳素作用的特异性和部位(S)及其与催乳素的关系 剂量和行为反应仍不清楚。因此，拟议的 研究将详细描述催乳素和催乳素之间的关系 同一物种中几种不同的催乳素敏感行为，环 鸽子(Streptopelia Risoria)。这个物种非常适合这些 研究是因为：1)有更多的证据表明 环鸽的依赖于催乳素的行为模式比其他脊椎动物要好， 2)存在中枢和外周作用部位的证据 催乳素在促进该物种的各种行为变化方面。三 将探索催乳素依赖的行为。1)催乳素诱导的摄食 行为：时间进程、剂量-反应特性和特异性 PRL在食物和水摄入量方面的中央调解行动将是 脑室注射纯化药物后的特征 绵羊催乳素。为PRL的行为提供神经内分泌相关性 行动，将就催乳素诱导的抑制作用进行平行研究 促性腺激素的分泌，这似乎也是中枢调节的。2) 催乳素诱导的父母行为：侧脑室注射催乳素对小鼠的影响 对非繁殖鸽子的父母行为进行测试，以确定 接下来观察到的父母行为的增加是否 全身注射这种激素是由于PRL直接作用于 对大脑或对周围靶器官的影响。3)PRL对 孵化行为：将进行一项研究，以确定 皮下注射催乳素可防止月经衰退和早产 通常发生在鸽子身上的坐姿活动 它们的配偶在早期潜伏期。关于PRL的澄清 在维持持续孵化方面的作用将有助于解释之前 研究结果表明，PRL保持了在被剥夺巢的鸽子中孵化的准备。 总的来说，拟议中的实验将做出重大贡献 对行为和神经内分泌病理的认识 男性和女性的高催乳素血症，应该进一步了解 抗精神病药物的作用机制。这些结果也将有助于 制定神经肽和蛋白质激素作用的一般原则 在行为上。

Prolactin (PRL) is a clinically important pituitary hormone and neuropeptide which has been implicated in the expression of a variety of vertebrate behavior patterns. In the vast majority of cases, however, the specificity and site(s) of PRL action, and the relationship between PRL dose and behavioral response remain unknown. Accordingly, the proposed research would characterize in detail the relationship between PRL and several different PRL-sensitive behaviors in a single species, the ring dove (Streptopelia risoria). This species is ideally suited for these studies because: 1) there is more evidence for the existence of PRL-dependent behavior patterns in the ring dove than in other vertebrates, and 2) there is evidence for both central and peripheral sites of action of PRL in promoting various behavior changes in this species. Three PRL-dependent behaviors would be explored. 1) PRL-induced ingestive behavior: The time course, dose-response properties and specificity of PRL's centrally mediated action on food and water intake would be characterized following intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of purified ovine PRL. To provide a neuroendocrine correlate of PRL's behavioral actions, parallel studies would be conducted on PRL-induced suppression of gonadotropin secretion, which also appears to be centrally mediated. 2) PRL-induced parental behavior: The effects of ICV injections of PRL on parental behavior in non-breeding doves would be tested to determine whether the increase in parental behavior which is observed following systemic injection of the hormone is due to a direct action of PRL on the brain or to effects on peripheral target organs. 3) PRL effects on incubation behavior: A study would be conducted to determine if subcutaneous PRL injections can prevent the decline and early termination of sitting activity which normally occurs in doves which are separated from their mates during the early incubation period. Clarification of PRL's role in maintaining ongoing incubation will help to interpret previous findings that PRL maintains readiness to incubate in nest-deprived doves. Collectively, the proposed experiments would contribute significantly towards an understanding of the behavioral and neuroendocrine pathology of hyperprolactinemia in men and women and should further our knowledge of the mechanism of neuroleptic drug action. These results will also help in formulating general principles of neuropeptide and protein hormone action on behavior.