MEMORY SPAN AND TRACE DURATION

人类信息处理中最重要的限制之一是 短时记忆的容量。内存跨度的大小是相关的 与智商有关，与精神病患者和大脑中发现的认知缺陷有关 受损的个体。尽管它很重要，但它不是恒定的、非循环的 已经出现了以项目或块为单位衡量能力的方法。最近， 一些研究人员发现，一种类型的记忆广度 Material等于可发音的项数 大约1.5秒。因为这段时间似乎对所有人来说都是一样的 材料的种类，合理的解释是它是中庸之道 内存跟踪的持续时间。如果是这样的话，持续时间无疑是随机的 变量，我们不仅对它的平均值感兴趣，而且对它的 方差和密度函数。提出了一种估算这些参数的方法。 影响内存跨度的变量可以通过两种方式来实现，即 通过影响发音率或通过影响痕迹持续时间。三 已知或怀疑会影响记忆广度的变量，即噪声， 将调查声学相似性和输出模式，以确定 它们的影响就会发生。

One of the most important limits in human information processing is the capacity of short term memory. The size of the memory span is correlated with IQ and is related to cognitive deficits found in psychotic and brain damaged individuals. In spite of its importance, no constant, noncircular measure of capacity in terms of items or chunks has emerged. Recently, several investigators have found that the memory span for a type of material is equal to the number of items that can be pronounced in approximately 1.5 seconds. Since this time seems to be the same for all types of material, a reasonable interpretation is that it is the mean duration of the memory trace. If so, the duration is no doubt a random variable, and we would be interested not only in its mean, but in its variance and density function. A means for estimating these is proposed. A variable that affects memory span can do so in two ways, either by affecting the pronunciation rate or by affecting the trace duration. Three variables known or suspected to influence memory span, namely noise, acoustic similarity and output modality will be investigated to see where their effects occur.