COPING AND ADJUSTMENT IN FAMILIES UNDER EXTREME STRESS

极端压力下家庭的应对和调整

• 批准号: 3383191
• 负责人: Bruce E Compas
• 金额: $ 23.19万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF VERMONT & ST AGRIC COLLEGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1988-09-30 至 1992-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3383191
• 关键词: attribution; child behavior disorders; coping; emotional adjustment; family structure /dynamics; health behavior; injury /disease stressor; interview; neoplasm /cancer; parents; social support network; stress

The proposed research is designed (a) to examine factors associated with increased risk for emotional and behavioral maladjustment in children and parents in families under extreme stress and (b) to describe the nature of coping processes (including problem- and emotion-focused coping, causal attributions, and social support) in families under extreme stress which may protect children and parents from the development of emotional and behavioral disorders. For the purposes of this study families in which a parent has recently been diagnosed and is undergoing treatment for cancer have been selected as a prototypic group of families under conditions of extreme stress. The levels of stress, coping processes, and degree of maladjustment in these families and a sample of matched control families will be assessed at four points in time over one year. Assessments will be conducted at points in time coinciding with four events during the disease and its treatment--diagnosis, post surgery, during radiation or chemotherapy, and post-treatment. It is hypothesized that the presence of a catastrophic illness in a parent will increase the risk for emotional/behavioral maladjustment in children and their parents. The aims of the study include the following: (1) To identify factors which may increase the risk of maladjustment in children of cancer patients, including sex and age of the child, the level of psychological symptoms displayed by the parents, and whether the mother or father has the disease. (2) To examine stress-symptom relations between family members in families under extreme stress as compared with families under normative stressful conditions. (3) To identify characteristics of effective coping in families under extreme stress, including the use of flexible as opposed to rigid patterns of coping and the match between the type of coping used and the degree of perceived control over the stressor. (4) To examine the degree of similarity between coping strategies used by parents and children in response to a major stressor confronting the family.

拟议的研究旨在（a）审查各种因素 与情绪和行为风险增加有关 极端贫困家庭中儿童和父母的适应不良 压力和（B）描述应对过程的性质（包括 以问题和情绪为中心的应对，因果归因， 社会支持），这可能会保护 孩子和父母从情感的发展， 行为障碍 为了这项研究的目的， 一位家长最近被诊断出患有 癌症的治疗被选为一个原型组， 处于极度压力下的家庭。 压力的程度， 应对过程和这些家庭的适应不良程度 匹配的对照家庭样本将在四个月内进行评估， 时间点超过一年。 评估将在 与疾病期间的四起事件相一致的时间点， 其治疗--诊断、手术后、放射治疗期间或 化疗和后期治疗。 据推测， 父母患上灾难性疾病的风险会增加 儿童情绪/行为不适应及其 父母 研究的目的包括：（1） 确定可能增加适应不良风险的因素， 癌症患者的子女，包括儿童的性别和年龄， 父母表现出的心理症状水平，以及 母亲或父亲是否患有这种疾病。 (2)审查 家庭成员压力-症状关系 与正常家庭相比， 紧张的条件。 (3)识别有效的特征 在极端压力下的家庭中的应对，包括使用 灵活的应对方式与僵硬的应对方式相反， 使用的应对类型和感知的程度之间的关系 控制压力源。 (4)检查相似度 父母和孩子使用的应对策略之间的差异 对家庭面临的主要压力源的反应。