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TeraWatt: Large scale Interactive coupled 3D modelling for wave and tidal energy resource and environmental impact (Remit 1 MASTS Consortium Proposal)

TeraWatt：针对波浪和潮汐能资源及环境影响的大规模交互式耦合 3D 建模（Remit 1 MASTS 联盟提案）

基本信息

批准号：
EP/J010170/1
负责人：
Jonathan Side
金额：
$ 125.12万
依托单位：
Heriot-Watt University
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2012 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FJ010170%2F1
关键词：
TeraWatt Large scale Interactive coupled

项目摘要

Scotland has substantial wave and tidal energy resources and is at the forefront of the development of marine renewable technologies and ocean energy exploitation. The next phase will see these wave and tidal devices deployed in arrays, with many sites being developed. Although developers have entered into agreements with The Crown Estate for seabed leases, all projects remain subject to licensing requirements under the Marine Scotland Act (2010).As part of the licensing arrangements, environmental effects in the immediate vicinity of devices and arrays will be addressed in the EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment) process that each developer must undertake. It is essential, however, that the regulatory authorities understand how a number of multi-site developments collectively impact on the physical and biological processes over a wider region, both in relation to cumulative effects of the developments and marine planning responsibilities. At a regional scale, careful selection of sites may enable the optimum exploitation of the resource while minimising any environmental impacts to an acceptable level.The TeraWatt Consortium has been established through the auspices of The Marine Alliance for Science & Technology for Scotland (MASTS) with Heriot-Watt University, and the Universities of Edinburgh, Glasgow, Strathclyde, the Highlands and Islands and Marine Scotland Science (MSS). The consortium has the support and anticipates the full engagement of the marine renewable developers in many aspects of the work. The research programme has been designed to specifically respond to questions posed by Marine Scotland Science, the organisation responsible for providing scientific advice to the licensing authority. In particular to the following questions: (1) What is the best way to assess the wave and tidal resource and the effects of energy extraction on it? (2) What are the physical consequences of wave and tidal energy extraction? (3) What are the ecological consequences of wave and tidal energy extraction? The overarching objective of the research is to generate a suite of methodologies that can provide better understandings of, and be used to assess, the alteration of the resource from energy extraction, and of the physical and ecological consequence. Illustration of the use of these in key development area, such as the Pentland Firth and Orkney Waters, and their availability as tools will enable the acceleration of array deployments.The TeraWatt research programme is structured in 4 workstreams. The first, led by MSS, will collate all necessary data to be used, develop the hypothetical multi-site array configurations in conjunction with developers and evaluate acceptance criteria for impacts. The second led by Edinburgh University will use separate and coupled models of wave and tide at a resolution necessary to consider multi-site array effects on the resource, providing important inputs to workstreams 3 and 4 which will address in turn, the spatial changes in physical processes affecting sediments, the shoreline and seabed (led by Glasgow and Strathclyde), and the spatial changes affecting organisms living in the seabed, their distribution and the significance of these for other ecological processes (led by Heriot-Watt University). Each workstream will provide reviews of the methodologies used which will be synthesised into a single methods toolbox. Where possible all regional scale modelling, used to illustrate these methodologies, will be validated by field data and the consortium has assembled both existing and data not previously available, for this purpose with the support of MSS and marine renewable developers. The TeraWatt project, which will be managed by MASTS, envisages direct participation from industry in various aspects of its work, and has a number of wider knowledge exchange and stakeholder engagement activities planned.

苏格兰拥有丰富的波浪能和潮汐能资源，处于海洋可再生技术和海洋能开发发展的前沿。下一阶段将看到这些波浪和潮汐设备以阵列形式部署，许多站点正在开发中。尽管开发商已与皇家财产局签订了海底租赁协议，但所有项目仍须遵守《苏格兰海洋法》（2010 年）的许可要求。作为许可安排的一部分，每个开发商必须进行的 EIA（环境影响评估）流程将解决设备和阵列附近的环境影响。然而，监管机构必须了解多个多地点开发项目如何共同影响更广泛区域的物理和生物过程，包括开发项目的累积效应和海洋规划责任。在区域范围内，仔细选择地点可以实现资源的最佳开发，同时将任何环境影响降至可接受的水平。TeraWatt 联盟是在苏格兰海洋科学技术联盟 (MASTS) 与赫瑞瓦特大学、爱丁堡大学、格拉斯哥大学、斯特拉斯克莱德大学、高地和群岛大学以及苏格兰海洋科学大学的支持下成立的（MSS）。该财团得到了海洋可再生能源开发商的支持并期望他们充分参与工作的许多方面。该研究计划旨在专门回答苏格兰海洋科学组织提出的问题，该组织负责向许可机构提供科学建议。特别是以下问题：（1）评估波浪和潮汐资源以及能源开采对其影响的最佳方法是什么？ (2) 波浪能和潮汐能提取的物理后果是什么？ (3) 波浪能和潮汐能开采的生态后果是什么？该研究的总体目标是产生一套方法，可以更好地理解并用于评估能源开采对资源的改变以及物理和生态后果。说明这些技术在彭特兰湾和奥克尼水域等关键开发区域的使用情况，以及它们作为工具的可用性将能够加速阵列部署。TeraWatt 研究计划分为 4 个工作流。第一个由 MSS 领导，将整理所有需要使用的数据，与开发商一起开发假设的多站点阵列配置，并评估影响的接受标准。由爱丁堡大学领导的第二个项目将使用单独和耦合的波浪和潮汐模型，其分辨率必须考虑到多站点阵列对资源的影响，为工作流3和4提供重要的输入，这将依次解决影响沉积物、海岸线和海底的物理过程的空间变化（由格拉斯哥和斯特拉斯克莱德领导），以及影响海底生物体及其分布的空间变化以及这些对其他生态过程的重要性（由赫瑞瓦特大学领导）。每个工作流将提供对所使用方法的审查，这些方法将被综合到一个方法工具箱中。在可能的情况下，用于说明这些方法的所有区域尺度模型都将通过现场数据进行验证，为此，在 MSS 和海洋可再生能源开发商的支持下，该联盟已汇集了现有数据和以前未提供的数据。 TeraWatt 项目将由 MASTS 管理，设想行业直接参与其工作的各个方面，并计划开展许多更广泛的知识交流和利益相关者参与活动。