NEUROENDOCRINE REGULATION OF ENDOCRINE GLANDS

内分泌腺的神经内分泌调节

• 批准号: 3398193
• 负责人: NOELLE A GRANGER
• 金额: $ 15.33万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1982
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1982-01-01 至 1993-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3398193
• 关键词: endocrine gland /system; growth /development; high performance liquid chromatography; hormone biosynthesis; hormone regulation /control mechanism; juvenile hormones; larva; mass spectrometry; neural information processing; neurochemistry; neuroendocrine system; neurohormones; neuropeptides; radioimmunoassay; tissue /cell culture

The corpora allata (CA) of insects are endocrine glands whose products, a family of juvenile hormone homologs (JHs), play a major role in the control of postembryonic development and reproduction. The CA of Lepidoptera such as the tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta, are directly innervated by axons of cerebral neurosecretory and ordinary neurons, and it has been postulated that nervous and/or neuroendocrine regulation of the CA controls fluctuations in titers of at least three structural homologs of JH. The use of an in vitro system with radioimmunoassays to monitor the effects of neural factors on the synthesis of specific JH homologs has enabled the identification of two cerebral neuropeptides: a JH III allatotropic factor (JH III ATF), which specifically stimulates the synthesis of JH III, and a JH I allatostatic factor (JH I ASF) which inhibits the synthesis of JH I. Both these neuropeptides affect the synthesis of JH acids as well as JHs, the acids of the homologs being the products of the CA after day 2 of the last larval instar. The JH III ATF has thus far been partially purified by HPLC, and its neurosecretory cell (NSC) source localized within the brain. Its effect on the CA appears to be mediated by cAMP and extracellular calcium. cAMP is also involved in the inhibitory effect of the JH I ASF. The proposed research continues a multidisciplinary investigation of the biology of these neuropeptides regulating CA activity. Effort will continue on the establishment of purification protocols for the two characterized factors, employing HPLC methodologies. Immunological probes (antibodies) will be generated to partially purified factors and to the NSC which are their sources, in order to verify their function in vivo and to investigate their ontogeny, synthesis, transport, and release. To extend these studies to other factors regulating the synthesis of the different JHs and their acids: 1) a JH I ATF identified in studies on the interendocrine regulation of CA activity by 20-hydroxyecdysone will be characterized and its purification initiated and 2) JH II specific antiserum will be generated for use in a JH II RIA, with which factors controlling the synthesis of this homolog can be identified. The information from these studies should provide basic information about the paracrine regulation of endocrine glands by a neuroendocrine system which governs developmental processes and may also suggest new biological approaches to the of insect pests.

昆虫的舌体(CA)是内分泌腺，其 产品是一类保幼激素同系物(JHS)，发挥着主要作用 在控制胚胎后发育和生殖方面的作用。 鳞翅目天牛等鳞翅目昆虫的CA， 直接由大脑神经分泌轴突和 普通神经元，据推测，神经细胞和/或 CA的神经内分泌调节控制滴度的波动 至少三个JH的结构同系物。In的用法 体外放射免疫检测系统监测药物的作用 神经因素对合成特定JH同系物的作用 两种脑神经肽的鉴定：一种JH III 促变态因子(JH III ATF)，它特异性地刺激 JHⅢ和一种JH I生长抑制因子(JH I ASF)的合成 抑制JH的合成。这两种神经肽 影响JH酸和JHS的合成， 同系物是CA在最后2天之后的产物 幼虫龄期。到目前为止，JH III ATF已经部分提纯 经高效液相色谱法鉴定，其神经分泌细胞(NSC)来源定位于 大脑。其对CA的作用似乎是由cAMP介导的。 和细胞外钙。CAMP也参与了抑制 JH I ASF的效果。 拟议中的研究将继续进行多学科调查。 这些调节CA活性的神经肽的生物学特性。 将继续努力建立净化方案 对于这两个表征因素，采用高效液相色谱法。 免疫探针(抗体)将产生部分 纯化因子和作为其来源的NSC，按顺序 为了验证它们在体内的功能并研究它们的个体发育， 合成、运输和释放。将这些研究扩展到 调节不同JHS和JHS合成的其他因素 它们的酸：1)研究中确定的JH I ATF 20-羟基蜕皮酮对CA活性的内分泌调节作用 对其进行表征并启动纯化；2)JH II 将产生用于JH II RIA的特异性抗血清， 控制该同系物合成的因素有哪些？ 确认身份。来自这些研究的信息应该提供 关于内分泌旁分泌调节的基本信息 由神经内分泌系统控制发育的腺体 过程，还可能提出新的生物学方法来解决 害虫。