NEUROENDOCRINE REGULATION OF ENDOCRINE GLANDS

内分泌腺的神经内分泌调节

• 批准号: 3398190
• 负责人: NOELLE A GRANGER
• 金额: $ 10.29万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1982
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1982-01-01 至 1988-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3398190
• 关键词: growth /development; high performance liquid chromatography; hormone biosynthesis; hormone regulation /control mechanism; juvenile hormones; larva; mass spectrometry; neural information processing; neurochemistry; neuroendocrine system; neurohormones; radioimmunoassay; tissue /cell culture

The corpora allata (CA) of insects are endocrine glands whose product, juvenile hormone (JH), plays a major role in the control of postembryonic development and reproduction. The CA of Lepidoptera like the tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta, synthesize at least three homologs of JH, whose titers and ratios vary during development. Because these endocrine glands are directly innervated by axons of cerebral neurosecretory and ordinary neurons, it has been postulated that nervous and/or neuroendocrine regulation of the CA controls fluctuations in the JH titer. For neuroendocrine control, neurohormones could be delivered to the CA either by a paracrine (semi-private; directed) pathway or humorally. Furthermore, in vivo studies have suggested that neuroendocrine control may involve both activating factors (allatotropins) and inhibiting factors (allatohibins). Thus the synthesis of individual homologs could be regulated simultaneously by both allatotropins and allatohibins. The research proposed continues and investigation of the neuroendocrine control of JH synthesis in Manduca. An in vitro approach was developed for these studies to minimize the prospective complexity of this system. This in vitro system utilizes radioimmunoasays for individual JH homologs to monitor the effects of neural factors on JH synthesis by the CA. Two cerebral regulatory factors have been identified with this system, one an allatotropic factor (ATF) specifically stimulating JH III synthesis, and the other an allata-inhibiting factor (AHF) specifically inhibiting JH I synthesis. The JH III ATF is a neuropeptide with an Mr of 40 kd and a pI of 5.5. It is now proposed to purify the JH III ATF, to investigate its mechanism of action and to identify its site of synthesis. The chemical nature of the JH I AHF will be defined and its purification initiated. The in vitro approach will also be used to probe for allatotropins regulating the synthesis of JH I and JH II. This will entail the development of an RIA or JH II and investigation of different brain donors as sources of these factors. The information from these studies should provide a better understanding of the neuroendocrine control of insect postembryonic development and possibly indicate new biological approaches to the control of insect pests. It may also define a system for the investigation of the paracrine regulation of an endocrine gland.

昆虫的咽侧体（CA）是昆虫的内分泌腺， 保幼激素（JH）在控制胚后发育中起主要作用。 发育和繁殖。 鳞翅目昆虫的CA与烟草相似 天蛾Manducasexta合成至少三种JH同系物， 滴度和比率在发育过程中变化。 因为这些内分泌腺 直接受大脑神经分泌和普通神经元轴突的支配 神经元，它已被假定，神经和/或神经内分泌 CA的调节控制JH滴度的波动。 为 神经内分泌控制，神经激素可以被递送到CA， 通过旁分泌（半私密;定向）途径或体液。 此外，委员会认为， 体内研究表明，神经内分泌控制可能涉及 激活因子（allatotropins）和抑制因子（allatohibins）。 因此，单个同源物的合成可以同时调节 由allatotropins和allatohibins共同作用。 该研究建议继续和调查的神经内分泌 Manduca中JH合成的控制。 开发了一种体外方法， 这些研究旨在最大限度地减少该系统的预期复杂性。 这 体外系统利用针对单个JH同源物的放射免疫测定， 通过CA监测神经因素对JH合成的影响。 两 大脑调节因子已被确定与该系统，一个， 特异性刺激JH III合成的促他性生长因子（ATF），和 另一个是特异性抑制JH I的allata抑制因子（AHF 合成. JH Ⅲ ATF是一种分子量为40 kd的神经肽， 的5.5。 现在建议对JH III ATF进行纯化，以研究其 作用机制，并确定其合成位点。 化学 将定义JH I AHF的性质并开始其纯化。 的 体外方法也将用于探测促他生长素调节 JH I和JH II的合成。 这将需要制定一个 RIA或JH II和不同脑供体作为脑损伤来源的调查 这些因素。 这些研究的信息应该提供一个更好的 昆虫胚后发育的神经内分泌调控 发展和可能表明新的生物方法来控制 昆虫害虫。 它还可以确定一个调查系统， 内分泌腺的旁分泌调节。