NEUROENDOCRINE REGULATION OF ENDOCRINE GLANDS

内分泌腺的神经内分泌调节

• 批准号: 3398191
• 负责人: NOELLE A GRANGER
• 金额: $ 14.8万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1982
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1982-01-01 至 1993-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3398191
• 关键词: endocrine gland /system; growth /development; high performance liquid chromatography; hormone biosynthesis; hormone regulation /control mechanism; juvenile hormones; larva; mass spectrometry; neural information processing; neurochemistry; neuroendocrine system; neurohormones; neuropeptides; radioimmunoassay; tissue /cell culture

The corpora allata (CA) of insects are endocrine glands whose products, a family of juvenile hormone homologs (JHs), play a major role in the control of postembryonic development and reproduction. The CA of Lepidoptera such as the tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta, are directly innervated by axons of cerebral neurosecretory and ordinary neurons, and it has been postulated that nervous and/or neuroendocrine regulation of the CA controls fluctuations in titers of at least three structural homologs of JH. The use of an in vitro system with radioimmunoassays to monitor the effects of neural factors on the synthesis of specific JH homologs has enabled the identification of two cerebral neuropeptides: a JH III allatotropic factor (JH III ATF), which specifically stimulates the synthesis of JH III, and a JH I allatostatic factor (JH I ASF) which inhibits the synthesis of JH I. Both these neuropeptides affect the synthesis of JH acids as well as JHs, the acids of the homologs being the products of the CA after day 2 of the last larval instar. The JH III ATF has thus far been partially purified by HPLC, and its neurosecretory cell (NSC) source localized within the brain. Its effect on the CA appears to be mediated by cAMP and extracellular calcium. cAMP is also involved in the inhibitory effect of the JH I ASF. The proposed research continues a multidisciplinary investigation of the biology of these neuropeptides regulating CA activity. Effort will continue on the establishment of purification protocols for the two characterized factors, employing HPLC methodologies. Immunological probes (antibodies) will be generated to partially purified factors and to the NSC which are their sources, in order to verify their function in vivo and to investigate their ontogeny, synthesis, transport, and release. To extend these studies to other factors regulating the synthesis of the different JHs and their acids: 1) a JH I ATF identified in studies on the interendocrine regulation of CA activity by 20-hydroxyecdysone will be characterized and its purification initiated and 2) JH II specific antiserum will be generated for use in a JH II RIA, with which factors controlling the synthesis of this homolog can be identified. The information from these studies should provide basic information about the paracrine regulation of endocrine glands by a neuroendocrine system which governs developmental processes and may also suggest new biological approaches to the of insect pests.

昆虫的咽侧体（CA）是一种内分泌腺， 产品，一个家庭的保幼激素同系物（JH），发挥主要作用， 在控制胚后发育和生殖中的作用。 鳞翅目昆虫如烟草天蛾、烟草天蛾等的CA， 直接受大脑神经分泌轴突支配， 普通神经元，并且已经假设神经和/或 CA的神经内分泌调节控制滴度的波动 至少有三种JH的结构同源物 使用in 体外系统与放射免疫测定，以监测的影响 神经因子对特定JH同系物合成的影响， 两种脑神经肽的鉴定：一种JH III 促他性因子（JH III ATF），其特异性刺激 JH Ⅲ和JH Ⅰ抑虫因子（JH Ⅰ ASF）合成 其抑制JH I的合成。 这两种神经肽 影响JH酸的合成以及JH， 同源物是CA在最后一次接种后第2天后的产物， 幼虫龄期 到目前为止，JH III ATF已部分纯化 通过HPLC，其神经分泌细胞（NSC）来源位于 大脑 其对CA的作用似乎是通过cAMP介导的 和细胞外钙。 cAMP也参与了抑制 JH I ASF的效果。 拟议的研究继续进行多学科调查 这些调节CA活性的神经肽的生物学。 将继续努力制定净化议定书 采用高效液相色谱法对这两个特征因子进行定量分析。 将产生免疫探针（抗体）， 纯化的因子和NSC是它们的来源， 为了验证它们在体内的功能并研究它们的个体发育， 合成、运输和释放。 将这些研究扩展到 调节不同JH合成的其他因素， 它们的酸：1）在对它们的酸的研究中鉴定的JH I ATF， 20-羟基蜕皮激素对CA活性内分泌调节将 进行表征并开始纯化，以及2）JH II 将产生用于JH II RIA的特异性抗血清， 控制这种同系物合成的因素可能是 鉴定 这些研究的信息应提供 关于内分泌旁分泌调节的基本信息 神经内分泌系统控制腺体的发育 过程，也可能提出新的生物学方法， 害虫