NEUROENDOCRINE REGULATION OF ENDOCRINE GLANDS

内分泌腺的神经内分泌调节

• 批准号: 3398189
• 负责人: NOELLE A GRANGER
• 金额: $ 9.93万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1982
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1982-01-01 至 1987-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3398189
• 关键词: growth /development; high performance liquid chromatography; hormone biosynthesis; hormone regulation /control mechanism; juvenile hormones; larva; mass spectrometry; neural information processing; neurochemistry; neuroendocrine system; neurohormones; radioimmunoassay; tissue /cell culture

The corpora allata (CA) of insects are endocrine glands whose product, juvenile hormone (JH), plays a major role in the control of postembryonic development and reproduction. The CA of Lepidoptera like the tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta, synthesize at least three homologs of JH, whose titers and ratios vary during development. Because these endocrine glands are directly innervated by axons of cerebral neurosecretory and ordinary neurons, it has been postulated that nervous and/or neuroendocrine regulation of the CA controls fluctuations in the JH titer. For neuroendocrine control, neurohormones could be delivered to the CA either by a paracrine (semi-private; directed) pathway or humorally. Furthermore, in vivo studies have suggested that neuroendocrine control may involve both activating factors (allatotropins) and inhibiting factors (allatohibins). Thus the synthesis of individual homologs could be regulated simultaneously by both allatotropins and allatohibins. The research proposed continues and investigation of the neuroendocrine control of JH synthesis in Manduca. An in vitro approach was developed for these studies to minimize the prospective complexity of this system. This in vitro system utilizes radioimmunoasays for individual JH homologs to monitor the effects of neural factors on JH synthesis by the CA. Two cerebral regulatory factors have been identified with this system, one an allatotropic factor (ATF) specifically stimulating JH III synthesis, and the other an allata-inhibiting factor (AHF) specifically inhibiting JH I synthesis. The JH III ATF is a neuropeptide with an Mr of 40 kd and a pI of 5.5. It is now proposed to purify the JH III ATF, to investigate its mechanism of action and to identify its site of synthesis. The chemical nature of the JH I AHF will be defined and its purification initiated. The in vitro approach will also be used to probe for allatotropins regulating the synthesis of JH I and JH II. This will entail the development of an RIA or JH II and investigation of different brain donors as sources of these factors. The information from these studies should provide a better understanding of the neuroendocrine control of insect postembryonic development and possibly indicate new biological approaches to the control of insect pests. It may also define a system for the investigation of the paracrine regulation of an endocrine gland.

昆虫的舌体是内分泌腺，其产物， 保幼激素(JH)在控制胚胎后发育中起重要作用。 发展和繁殖。鳞翅目的CA类似于烟草 角虫，Manduca sexta，合成至少三个JH的同系物，其 在发育过程中，滴度和比率会有所不同。因为这些内分泌腺 直接由大脑神经分泌轴突和普通轴突支配 神经元，一直被认为是神经和/或神经内分泌 对CA的监管控制着JH滴度的波动。为 神经内分泌控制，神经激素也可以传递给CA 通过旁分泌(半私密的；定向的)途径或体液。此外， 活体研究表明，神经内分泌控制可能涉及两者 激活因子(促肾上腺皮质激素)和抑制因子(促生长激素)。 因此，单个同系物的合成可以同时被调节 由促肾上腺皮质激素和促肾上腺皮质激素共同作用。 建议继续神经内分泌的研究和调查 Manduca中JH合成的控制。开发了一种体外实验方法，用于 这些研究旨在将这一系统的预期复杂性降至最低。这 体外系统利用放射免疫方法对单个JH同源物进行检测 用CA监测神经因素对JH合成的影响。二 大脑调节因子已经在这个系统中被识别出来，一个是 特异性刺激JH III合成的促通便因子(ATF)，以及 另一种是丙氨酸氨基转移酶抑制因子(AHF)，特异性抑制JH I 综合。JH III ATF是一种神经肽，其MR为40kd，PI为 5.5%。现在建议提纯JH III ATF，以研究其 研究其作用机理，并确定其合成部位。化学物质 将定义JH I AHF的性质，并启动其纯化。这个 体外方法也将被用来探索促生长激素的调节 JH-I和JH-II的合成。这将需要开发一个 RIA或JH II与不同脑供体作为脑源性疾病来源的调查 这些因素。来自这些研究的信息应该提供更好的 对昆虫胚胎后神经内分泌调控的认识 发展，并可能指示新的生物方法来控制 害虫的数量。它还可以定义一种制度，以调查 内分泌腺的旁分泌调节。